Effects of rate of phosphorus fertilizer on crop growth and yield in rice-soybean intercropping system

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Research Paper 01/04/2021
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Effects of rate of phosphorus fertilizer on crop growth and yield in rice-soybean intercropping system

Uwuigbe Edith Ugochukwu, Oroka Frank Oke
Int. J. Biosci. 18(4), 29-37, April 2021.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2021; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

The study was aimed at investigating the effects of rate of phosphorus fertilizer on growth and yield in rice-soybean intercropping system. Phosphorus fertilizer was applied at the rate of 0, 45, 60 and 75 kg P ha-1 while the three cropping patterns were sole rice, sole soybean and rice + soybean intercrop. Phosphorus and cropping patterns were combined in a 4 x 3 factorial and laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Results showed that increasing rate of P fertilizer significantly (P<0.05) increased growth parameters in both rice and cowpea.  All components of yield of soybean were found to show significant (P<0.05) phosphorus and cropping pattern interactions.  Application of P at 45, 60 and 75 kg ha-1 enhanced rice yield by 23%, 57.4% and 88.3% respectively, while soybean yield was increased by 28.5%, 65.7% and 73.5% at same respective P fertilizer rates. Interactive effects of phosphorus and cropping pattern for yield of both rice and cowpea were found to be significant (P<0.05). LER increased with P rate ranging from 42% to 71%. SPI showed a linear trend with P fertilizer rate. Agronomic efficiency of P fertilizer was generally higher in the cereal crop (rice) relative to the legume (soybean) at all levels of application.  The results of this study have shown that to achieve a positive interspecific competition between rice and soybean in the rice-soybean intercropping system it is more appropriate to apply phosphorus 60 kg P ha-1.

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