Estimation of some heavy metals in the wheat varieties of Balochistan
Paper Details
Estimation of some heavy metals in the wheat varieties of Balochistan
Abstract
Heavy metals are present in our environment and they are also absorbed by plants. Their bioaccumulation is harmful for all life forms. Plants are found to absorb heavy metals like Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr and Pb which when cross their desired level has adverse effects on plants. Wheat is one of the main foods which is consumed by the most of the world’s population. In the present study, some heavy metals like chromium, zinc, copper, nickel and lead were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy in twenty wheat samples. The average chromium was 0.12 ± 0.01 mg/kg, Lead 0.25 ± 0.05 mg/kg, Zinc 9.20 ± 0.38 mg/kg, Copper 2.82 ± 0.34 mg/kg, Nickel 3.17 ± 0.24 mg/kg. The heavy metals lead, chromium and nickel were found slightly higher than the permissible limits. However zinc and copper were within the permissible limits. Significant differences existed among all the five heavy metals at P< 0.05. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to identify spatial variation in elemental composition of wheat varieties, in which 86.8% of the total variance in whole set of data was found. PCA of metal profile divided wheat varieties into two main groups Raskoh, Abdul Sattar, Sehar, L-3, Shalkot, Benazir, TD-1, Faisalabad 2008, AZRI-1, Zardana, AZRC-1 and Taijban10 correlated with lead whereas Umeed, Ujala-2015, Zargoon, Shahkar, Galaxi and Zarlashta correlated with chromium, nickel and zinc.
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