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Ethnopharmacological and pharmaco-toxicological data of Sarcocephalus latifolius and Crateva adansonii DC, two plants used in traditional malaria treatment in Benin

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Research Paper 01/04/2019
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Ethnopharmacological and pharmaco-toxicological data of Sarcocephalus latifolius and Crateva adansonii DC, two plants used in traditional malaria treatment in Benin

Cyrille A. Vodounon, Boris B. Legba
Int. J. Biosci.14( 4), 135-147, April 2019.
Certificate: IJB 2019 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Antimalarial propertiesCrateva adansonii DCPharmaco-toxicological dataSarcocephalus latifolius

Abstract

Antimalarial drug resistance is worsening the management of malaria in Africa, increasing the use of new alternatives, including medicinal plants. Sarcocephalus latifolius and Crateva adansonii DC are of paramount importance in dealing with various diseases, especially malaria. Therefore, this study aims at analyzing some ethnopharmacological and pharmaco-toxicological data of these species as a starting point and orientation for the value addition to the treatment of malaria. A bibliographic search was conducted in scientific databases and the Boolean operators AND and OR were used. From the Sixty studies, it appears that Crateva adansonii DC is known for the traditional treatment of malaria, boils, infections and gastrointestinal problems. Bioactive molecules such as flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenes, fatty acids and steroids have been found in its organs. Pharmacologically, extracts of Crateva adansonii DC have been shown to be active on bacterial strains (Shigella sonei, Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella pestis, V. Cholerea and P. vulgaris) and fungal (Candida albicans, Aspergillus parasiticus). Sarcocephalus latifoliusis traditionally is also used in the treatment of malaria, diabetes, ascites, hernias, fevers and convulsions. Tannins, flavonoids and cyanogenic glycosides, saponins and alkaloids have been found in its organs. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, antihypertensive, antibacterial (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, P. aeruginosa) and antifungal (Aspergillus niger) activities have been demonstrated. Both species inhibit DPPH free radicals and show no toxicity. Crateva adansonii DC and Sarcocephalus latifolius may be good candidates for the discovery of new bioactive molecules. Their valorization in the management of malaria, through antiplasmodial activity tests is essential.

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