Evolution of the incidence of Typhoid Fever and Hepatitis A from 2008 to 2013 in Meknes (Morocco) and its association with climatic factors

Abstract

Typhoid and Viral Hepatitis are waterborne diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people each year, as one-third of the global population remains without access to improved sanitation. Their transmission is through contaminated water. They, therefore, constitute a public health problem in several countries, notably Morocco. The aims of the study are to analyze the epidemiological situation of Typhoid and Hepatitis A and their distribution in Meknes from 2008 to 2013 and to determine the climatological factors associated with their incidences. The data used come from the epidemiological surveillance collected in the Prefectural Cell of Epidemiology registers. We processed the Data using Excel. Mapping was performed by Quantum GIS software. A total of 589 cases of typhoid fever and 379 cases of hepatitis A were recorded between 2008 and 2013; the majority of the cases were located in Bab Belkari health center. Number of cases was higher among males with no significant difference from females (p > 0.05). The age group 5-14 had the highest number of cases with of 254 (43.12%) for typhoid and 226 (59.63%) viral hepatitis. Seasonal variation had a significant effect on the on the distribution of typhoid cases over the years (p ˂ 0.05), the highest occurrence of typhoid was during summer season. Seasonal variation didn’t have any significant effect on the on the distribution of hepatitis cases (p> 0.05), the fall and the spring season had the highest number of cases.