home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Fruit spectrum of Niangoloko Natural Reserve in Southwest Burkina Faso

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/07/2018
Views (408) Download (22)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Fruit spectrum of Niangoloko Natural Reserve in Southwest Burkina Faso

Paulin Ouoba, Jérôme T. Yameogo
J. Bio. Env. Sci.13( 1), 92-104, July 2018.
Certificate: JBES 2018 [Generate Certificate]
Key: DisseminationFruitsMaturationSavannaTropical Climate

Abstract

Plant communities can be characterized by their fruit spectrum, which indicates the frequency of different types of fruit. The fruits of 354 species, representing the total floristic richness of the Niangoloko natural reserve, southwest Burkina Faso, were described and classified by type of fruit, which helped to establish the fruit spectrum of this reserve. The different fruits harvested were described and classified according to three main criteria: the consistency of fruit at maturity, number of carpels, and dehiscence (or not) of fruits. The fruit spectrum comprised seven main types of fruit: capsules (24.86%), achenes (18.36%),pods (16.38%), berries (16.10%), caryopses (9.61%), drupes (10.17%), and follicles (4.52%). Dry fruits were the dominant fruit group with 73.73% of total fruit, and 26.27% of plants had fleshy fruits. Dry dehiscent and indehiscent fruits represented 45.76% and 27.97% of the total fruit, respectively. The fruit spectrum of the natural reserve is characteristic of a tropical biseasonal climate; dry fruits need the drying atmosphere of the dry season for maturation or dehiscence and the majority of fleshy fruits mature in the rainy season when the air humidity is very high. For diaspore dispersal, anemochory was the most important mode of dissemination in the dry fruits group, while zoochory was the predominant means of dispersal for fleshy fruits. Finally, we show that different classes of diasporas are not subject to environmental degradation to the same degree in the natural reserve and, thus, some species require special attention due to the difficulties they will face spreading their diasporas if degradation of the natural reserve continues.

VIEWS 28
Cover PDF

Aubreville A. 1950. Flore forestière Soudano-Guinéenne. Paris, Société d’éditions géographiques, p. 1-523.

Ake Assi L. 1984. “Flore de la Côte d’Ivoire: étude descriptive et biogéographique avec quelques notes ethnobotaniques,”Thesis, Université d’Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, vols.i, ii, &iii.

Arbonnier M. 2002. Arbres, arbustes et lianes des zones sèches d’Afrique de l’ouest. Paris, CIRAD, MNHN, p. 1-576.

Batalha MA, Martins FR. 2004. Reproductive phenology of the cerrado plant community in Emas national park (central Brazil). Australian Journal of Botany 52, 149–161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT03098

Dalziel JM. 1937. The useful plants of west Africa.”An appendix to the flora of West Tropical Africa by J. Hutchinson and J.M. Dalziel. London: Published under the authority of the Secretary of State for the Colonies by the Crown Agents for the Colonies, 1- 612 p.

Dos Reis NR, Guillaumet JL. 1983. Les chauves-souris frugivores de Manaus et leur rôle dans la dissémination des espèces végétales. Revue d’Ecoloie (Terre et Vie) 38, 147–170.

Fournier A. 1991. Phénologie, croissance et production végétales dans quelques savanes d’Afrique de l’ouest – variation selon un gradient climatique,”Thesis, Edition de l’Orstom, France, 1-312.

Gautier-Hion A, Duplantier JM, Quris R. Feer F, Sourd C, Decoux JP, Dubost G, Emmons L, Erard C, Hecketsweiler P, Moungazi A, Roussilhon C, Thiollay JM.1985. Fruit characters as a basis of fruit choice and seed dispersal in a tropical forest vertebrate community. Oecologia 65, 3324–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00378906

Guinko S. 1984. La végétation de la haute-volta,”Thesis, Université de Bordeaux III, France, 2, 1-394.

Hahn-Hadjali K. 1997. Les groupements végétaux des savanes du sud-est du Burkina Faso (Afrique de l’Ouest). Etudes sur la Flore et la Végétation du Burkina Faso 3, 3–79.

Houinato MRB. 2001. Phytosociologie,écologie, production et capacité de charge des formations végétales pâturées dans la région des Mont Kouffé (Bénin),”Thesis, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique, 1-241.

Hutchinson J, Dalziel JM. 1954. Flora of west tropical Africa. vols. 1 to 3, London, Published under the authority of the Secretary of State for the Colonies by the Crown Agents for the Colonies.

Lykke AM. 2000. Local perceptions of vegetation change and priorities for conservation of woody-savanna vegetation in Senegal. journal of environmental management 59, 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1006/jema.2000.0336

MuraliK S Sukumar R. 1994.Reproductive phenology of a tropical dry forest in Mudumalai, southern India.Journal of Ecology82, 759–767. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2261441.

Nacoulama BMI, Ouedraogo O. 2010. Le parc national du W du Burkina Faso: un parc aux énormes potentialités,in: Thiombiano A, Kampmann D, Ed. Atlas de la biodiversité de l’Afrique de l’ouest, Vol. II. Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 364-365.

Neumann K, Müller-Haude P. 1999. forêts sèches au sud-ouest du burkinafaso: végétation sols action de l’homme. Phytocoenologia 29, 53–85.

Ouoba P. 2006. Flore et végétation de la forêt classée de Niangoloko, sud-ouest du Burkina Faso,” Thesis, Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 1-144.

Ouoba P. 1999. La forêt de Lèra: structure, composition floristique et impact socio-économique, Mémoire de D.E.A., Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 1- 57.

Ozenda P. 1982. Les végétaux dans la biosphère. Paris, Doin, 150-431 p.

Peltier R. 1996. L’effet «transit intestinal» sur la germination des semences de Faidherbia albida. Montpellier, France, 1-311.

Ramade F. 2003. Introductory conference: on the relevance of protected areas for the research on conservation ecology: from fundaments to applications. Comptes Rendu Biologies 326, 3–8.

Ramirez N. 2002. Reproductive phenology, life forms and habitat sof the Venezuelan central plain. American Journal of Botany 89, 836–842.

Ramirez N. 2009. Correlations between the reproductive phenology of vegetation and climate variables in the Venezuelan central plain.Acta Botanica Venezuelica 32(2), 333–362.

Saadou M. 1990. La végétation des milieux drainés nigériens à l’est du fleuve Niger,”Thesis, Université de Niamey, Niger, 1-391.

Sawadogo L. 1996. Evaluation des potentialités pastorales d’une forêt nord-soudanienne du Burkina Faso (cas de la forêt classée de tiogo), Thesis, Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 1-125.

Schnell R. 1976. Flore et végétation de l’Afrique tropicale. Vol. I. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1-468 p.

Shukla RP, Ramakrishnan PS. 1982. Phenology eastern India.  Vegetation49, 103–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052764

Sinsin B. 1993. Phytosociologie, écologie, valeur pastorale, production et capacité de charge des pâturages du périmètre Nikki-Kalalé au Nord-Benin, Thesis, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique, 1-353.

Thiombiano A. 2005. Les combretaceae du Burkina Faso: taxonomie, écologie, dynamique et régénération des espèces,”Thesis, Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 1-290.

White F. 1983. The vegetation of Africa. a descriptive memoir to accompany the Unesco/ AETFAT/UNSO vegetation map of Africa. Paris, Unesco, p. 1- 356.

Submit Manuscript