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General bioactivity screening of Homalocladium platycladum (Tapeworm plant) via brine shrimp lethality assay

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Research Paper 13/06/2023
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General bioactivity screening of Homalocladium platycladum (Tapeworm plant) via brine shrimp lethality assay

Javen Domugho, Janus B. Pansacala
Int. J. Biosci.22( 6), 189-197, June 2023.
Certificate: IJB 2023 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Bioactivity screeningBioassayBrine shrimpLC50Tapeworm plant

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of bioactive compounds in Homalocladium platycladum (Tapeworm plant) through bioactivity screening and toxicity assessment. The powdered mature stems of the plant were extracted using different solvents, namely n-hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (ETA), n-butanol (BUT), and methanol-water (WAT). The resulting fractions were prepared and tested at various concentrations using the brine shrimp lethality assay. The results indicated that the HEX, DCM, and BUT fractions exhibited immediate and acute toxicity, suggesting the presence of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, all fractions demonstrated toxicity at longer exposure times, indicating the potential for chronic toxicity. The median lethal concentration (LC50) analysis using the Miller-Tainter method revealed moderate toxicity for the HEX and DCM fractions, with LC50 values of 199.9 ppm and 457.3 ppm, respectively. Moreover, all fractions, including HEX, DCM, ETA, BUT, and WAT, exhibited bioactivity potential at longer exposure times, with calculated LC50 values of 19.79 ppm, 38.82 ppm, 14.77 ppm, 5.565 ppm, and 131.3 ppm, respectively. Notably, all fractions, except for the methanol-water fraction, displayed high toxicity after 24-hour exposure. These findings suggest that the Tapeworm plant contains bioactive compounds with pharmacological potential. Therefore, further investigation of these compounds is warranted for the development of novel pharmaceutical agents.

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