home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Heavy metal contents, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of Astragalus eremophilus

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/09/2018
Views (433) Download (26)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Heavy metal contents, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of Astragalus eremophilus

Hameed Ur Rehman, Aftab Ahmad, Dr Zahidullah Khan, Baharullah Khattak, Nisar Ahmad, Mobeen Kalsoom, Haleema Sadia, Najeeb Ullah, Yasir Ihtisham, Summiya Kanwal
J. Bio. Env. Sci.13( 3), 73-88, September 2018.
Certificate: JBES 2018 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Antibacterial activityAntifungal activityAstragalus eremophilusHeavy metalPhytochemical screening

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate heavy metal contents, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of Astragalus eremophilus collected from village Inzer Banda District Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. During December 2015 to April 2016. For Heavy metal analysis, the plant sample was oven dried, grinded into pieces and digested in perchloric acid and nitric acid. The digested sample was analyzed for selected heavy metals like Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in mg/kg. Astragalus eremophilus was screened qualitatively for phytochemicals like flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. For antibacterial activity agar well diffusion method was used while for antifungal activity tube dilution method was adopted.All the analyzed elements were found below the permissible limits except for Chromium which was noted above the permissible limit (0.06mg/kg). The medicinal plant astragalus eremophilus was found rich in carbohydrates, flavonids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins but not in glycosides, when screened for phytochemicals. For antibacterial activity, four strains of bacteria were used, one strain of gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and three strains of Gram negative bacteria Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. For antifungal activity four strains of fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Trichoderma harzianum and Rhizoctonia solani were tested. The result showed that all the fractions of A. eremophilus were active against the tested bacterial and fungal strains. The highest activity (21.67±1.117) was shown by an ethyl acetate fraction against all the selected bacteria pathogens. The lowest activity (16.00±0.912) was shown by water fraction against the selected bacterial strains. All the fractions showed significant activity against tested fungi except n-butanol fraction which showed no inhibition to any of the selected fungal pathogens. It was concluded that A. eremophilus possesses permissible limit of all heavy metals except chromium, which was above the permissible limit(0.06)mg/kg. The plant showed a high profile of phytochemicals which may be correlated with the potential antimicrobial activity of the plant extract/ fractions. The obtained data were analyzed through statistics Ver.9, by applying one way Anova   simple t tests, p valve less than 0.05 was considered significant.

VIEWS 38
Cover PDF

Muhammad A, Muniza A, Khalid MK, Shahnaz  P, Shazia S.  2016. “Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and antimalarial activities of Ficus Natalensis”, Journal of Chemical Society of Pakistan, 38, 345.

Dildar A, Muhammad M, Abdul H, Muhammad B, Nazia B. 2009. “Antibacterial activity of Ballota acetabulosa”. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 5, 1611-1614.

Sunday A, Olubunmi AW, Anthony JA. 2012. “Phytochemical constituents and allelopathic effect of Aloe ferox Mill. root extract on tomato”,  Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 6, 2094.

Niaz A, Ullah N, Rehman A, Ahmad I, Ikhlaq M, Rehman HU. 2013. “Pollution based study of heavy metals in some selected medicinal plants by dry digestion method,” International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research 4,  17.

Sen A, Batra V. 2012 “Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts of medicinal plant: Melia azedarach” International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 4, 2.

Rehman A, Chaudhry MI, Thomson WJ. 2001. “Bioassay Techniques For Drug Development, Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Rehman A, Iqbal T, Ayaz S, Rehman HU. 2013. “Investigations of heavy metals in different medicinal plants,” Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 3, 72.

Khan AM, Qureshi RA, Gillani SA, Ullah F. 2011. “Antimicrobial activity of selected medicinal plants of Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Pakistan” Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5, 4665.

Anonymous. 2003. “Spice gallery” Indian Institute of spices research. Available from http://www.iisr.org.

Mahesh B, Satish S. 2008 “Antimicrobial Activity of Some Important Medicinal Plant against Plant and Human Pathogens” World Journal of Agriculture Sciences 4, 839.

Meena B, Muthusamy M. 2002. “Fungitoxic properties of plant extract against Sclerotium rulfsii in Jasmine” Journal of ornamental horticulture 5, 82.

Rauf F, Qureshi R, Shaheen H. 2012. “Folk medicinal uses of indigenous plant species of Barroha, Bhara Kahu and Maanga in Islamabad Pakistan” Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 6, 2061.

Vines G. 2004. “Herbal harvests with a future: towards sustainable sources for medicinal Plants,” Plant life International http://www.plantlife.org.uk

Trease GE, Evan WC. 1989. Pharmocognosy, 11thed. Brailliar Tiridel Can. Macmillan publisher 4, 399.

Asghari G, Noorallahi H, Havaie SA, Issa L, 2006. “Antimicribial activity of otostegia persica boiss extracts”, Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1, 53.

Javid H, Abdul LK, Najeeb UR, Zain U, Farman UK, Syed TH. 2009.  “Proximate and Nutrient investigations of selected medicinal plants species of Pakistan”, Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8(5), 620.

Kim HG, Jeon JH, Kim MK, Lee HS. 2005. “The effect of some botanical insecticides and pymetrozine on life table parameters of silver leaf whitefly bemisia tobaci gennadius,” Food Science Biotechnology 14, 685-688.

Ajayi IA, Ajibade O, Oderinde RA. 2011. “Preliminary phytochemical analysis of some plants seeds”, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences 3, 62.

Harbone JB. 1973. Phytochemical methods, London: Chapman and Hall, Ltd.  49, 186-188.

Phillipson JD. 1999. “Fundamentals of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy,” Phytotherapy Research 13, 2-8.

Phillipson JD. 2005. “physiology of some medicinal plants”,  Phytochemistry 38, 1319-1343.

Rojas JJ, Ochoa VJ, Ocampo SA, Muñoz JF, 2006. “Screening for Antimicrobial activity of ten medicinal plants used in Colombian folkloric medicine”,  Complementary and Alternative Medicine 6, 2.

Daoubi M. 2005. “antimicrobial avtivity and biotress information of diisophorone by botrytiseinerae”,  Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53, 6035-6039.

Khan MA, Mujtaba G, Hussain M. 2012 “Ethnobotanical study about medicinal plants of poonch valley Azad Kashmir” The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 22, 493.

Chouhan MH, Wattoo S, Tirmizi SA, Memon FZ, Aziz-ur-Rahman, Tufail M. 2002. “Analytical investigation of inorganic nutritive elements of Capparis decidua grown in Cholistan desert”. The Nucleus 39, 195.

Dissanayake MLMC, Jayasinghe JAN. 2013 “Antifungal Activity of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts against Plant Pathogenic Fungi; Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum musea and Fusarium oxysporum 2, 70.

Soniya M, Kuberan T, Anitha S, Sankareswari P. 2013. “In vitro antibacterial activity of plant extracts against Gram positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacteria” International Journal of Microbiology and Immunology Research 2, 1.

Panghal M, Kaushal V, Yadav JP. 2011. “In vitro antimicrobial activity of ten medicinal plants against clinical isolates of oral cancer cases” Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 10, 21.

Bokhari M. 2009. “Antifungal activity of some medicinal plants used in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia” 7, 51.

Rajakaruna N, Cory S, Towers GH. 2002. “Antimicrobial activity of plants collected  from Serpentine Outcrops in Sri Lanka” Pharmaceutical Biology 40, 235.

Yusuf NA, Ibrahim H, Khalid N. 2001 “Antibacterial evaluation and tissue culture studies of selected medicinal Curcuma species” [Workshop Transcripts]. http://www.moste.gov.my/kstas/NSFworkshop/pembenting.htm.

Ragasamy O, Raoelison G, Rakotoniriana E, Cheuk K, Ralsimamanga SU, Leclereq JQ, Fakim AG, Subralty AH. 2007 “Screening for anti infective properties of several medicinal plants of Mauritious flora” Journal of Ethno pharmacology 109, 332.

Dellavalle PD, Cabrera A, Alem D, Larranaga P, Ferreira F, Rizza MD. 2011. “Antifungal Activity of Medicinal Plant extracts against Phytopathogenic Fungus Alternaria spp” Chilean journal of agricultural research 71, 92.

Tiwari P, Kumar B, Kaur M, Kaur G, Kaur H, 2001. “Phytochemical screening and extraction”, International Pharmaceutical Sciencia 1, 98.

Yang QY, Lu S, Sun HR. 2011. “Clinical effect of Astragalus granule of different dosages on quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure”. Chinese Journal Integrative Medicine 17, 146.

Pawan RS, Pratima S, Chirika ST, Pradeep KB. 2006. “Studies and Determination of Heavy Metals in Waste Tires and Their Impacts on the Environment” Pakistan Journal of Annal & Envirmental  Chemistry. 7, 70.

Ullah R, Murad W, Rehman HU, Aslam MM, Saeed R, Iqbal T. 2015. “Antibacterial and Phytochemical Evaluation of the Crude Extract and Fractions of Xanthium  strumarium”, American-Eurasian Journal of Toxicological Sciences 7, 187.

Khan SA, Khan L, Hussain I, Marwat KB, Akhtar N. 2008. “Profile of heavy metals in selected medicinal plants,” Journal of Weed Sciences and Research 14, 101.

Garg SP, Bushan R, Kapoor RC. 1980. “Aervanone”, Phytochemistry,  19, 1265.

Betül SY, Nurten A, Gülçin SC. 2005.   “Therapeatic value of ballota species” ,journel of pharmacy 34, 155 – 164

Najeeb U. 2013. “Antibacterial and Antifungal study of Spergula arvenses”, International Journel of science innovations and discoverie, 3, 348.

Duraipandiyan V, Ignacimuthu S. 2011.“Antifungal activity of traditional medicinal plants from Tamil Nadu, India” Asian Pacific J Tropical Biomed 2, 204.

Onundi YB, Mamun AA, Al Khatib MF, Ahmed YM. 2010. “Adsorption of copper, nickel and lead ions from synthetic semiconductor, industrial waste water by palm shell activated carbon”, International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology 7, 751.

Vaghasiya Y, Kumar N,  Soni R, Baluja M, Shanda S. 2004. “Synthesis       structural determination and antibacterial activity of compounds derived from vanillin and 4-aminoantipyrine, Journal of Serbian Chemical Society 69, 991.

Submit Manuscript