Modified Hyphaene thebaica fiber for the sequestration of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/02/2020
Views (423) Download (20)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Modified Hyphaene thebaica fiber for the sequestration of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution

Ahmed Salisu, Muhammad Saleh Salga
J. Bio. Env. Sci.16( 2), 1-8, February 2020.
Certificate: JBES 2020 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Lignocellulose biomass is an abundant and sustainable polymer in nature that can be modified for other useful products. The objective of this study is to modify Hyphaene thebaica fiber by grafting polyacrylonitrile via free radical polymerization in aqueous medium and determine its potential to sequester metal ions from aqueous solution. Fresh stalk of Hyphaene thebaica (300g) was pulverized and subjected to alkali pre-treatment (mercerization). The fiber was grafted with Polyacrylonitrile via microwave radiation using potassium persulphate (KPS) as chemical initiator. The graft copolymer synthesized was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The graft copolymer was evaluated for sequestration of Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution using batch adsorption method. The results showed that the highest grafting percentage 56% was achieved using acrylonitrile (5g), KPS (0.3g) and irradiation time (3 mins). The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 84mg/g and 63mg/g for Pb2+ and Cu2+ respectively. The equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model, which assumed a monolayer coverage and uniform activity distribution on the adsorbent surface. The grafting of Polyacrylonitrile onto Hyphaene thebaica was successfully carried out and formation of the product was confirmed by FTIR, SEM and XRD analyses. The graft copolymer showed moderate performance in the removal of Pb (II) and Cu (II) in aqueous solution thus can be utilized as a low cost adsorbent material.

VIEWS 28

Agu OS, Tabil LG, Dumonceaux T. 2015. Microwave-assisted alkali pretreatment, desification and enzymatic saccharification of Canola    straw and Oat hull, Bioeng 4, 25-32

Bhattacharya A, Misra BN. 2004. Grafting: a versatile means to modify polymers Techniques, factors and applications, Prog. Polym. Sci 29, 767-814

Boufi S, Alila S. 2011. Modified cellulose fiber as a biosorbent for the organic pollutants, Biomed. Envir. Appl 8, 483-524

Chand P, Shil AK, Sharma AK, Pakade YB. 2009. Improved adsorption of cadmium ions from aqueous solution using chemically modified apple pomace: mechanism, kinetic and thermodynamics, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrade 90, 8-1

Fox SC, Li B, Xu BD, Edgar KJ. 2011. Regioselective esterification and etherification of cellulose, A review, Biomacromol 12(6), 1956-1972

Freundlich HMF. 1906. Uber die adsorption in losungenZeitschrift fur physikalische, Chemie (Leipzig) 57A, 385-470

Gupta VK, Agarwal S, Singh P, Pathania D. 2013. Acrylic acid grafted cellulosic Luffa cyclindrical fiber for the removal of dye and metal ions, Carbohydr. Polym 98, 1214-1221

Gurgel LV, Gil LF. 2009. Adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous single solution by succinylated twice-mercerized sugarcane bagasse functionalized with triethylenetetraamine, Water Res 43, 4479-4488

Harish Prashanth KV, Tharanathan RN. 2003. Studies on graft copolymerization of chitosan with synthetic monomer, Carbohydr. Polym 54, 343-351

Ho YS, McKay G. 1999. Pseudo-second-order model for sorption processes, Proc. Biochem 34, 451-465

Hsu B, Ken N, Coupar IM. 2006. Antioxidant activity of hot water extract from the fruit of the Doum palm, Hyphaene thebaica, Food Chem 98, 317-328

Isiklan N, Fatma K, Murat I. 2010. Graft copolymerization of itaconic acid onto sodium alginate using benzoyl peroxide, Carbohydr. Polym 101, 665-672

Kumar R, Sharma RK, Singh AP. 2017. Cellulose based graft biosorbents-journey from linocellulose biomass to toxic heavy metal ions sorption applications-A review, J. Mol. Liq 232, 62-93

Langmuir I. 1918. The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum, J. Chem. Soc 40, 1361-1403

Liu F, Luo X, Liang L, Chen Y. 2009. Removal of copper and lead from aqeous solution by carboxylic acid functionalized deacetylated konjac glucomannan, J. Hazard. Mat 171, 802-808

Malherbe S, Cloete TE. 2002. Lignocellulose biodegradtion: fundamental applictions Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol 6, 105-114

Mishra S, Usha GR, Sen G. 2011. Microwave initiated synthesis and application of polyacrylic acid grafted carboxymethyl cellulose, Carbohydr. Polym 87, 2255-2262

Misra BN, Mehta IK, Khetrapal RC. 1984. Grafting onto cellulose. III graft copolymerization of poly(ethylacrylate) onto cellulose by use of redox initiators. Comparison of initiators reactivities. J. Polym. Sci. Chem 22, 2767-2775

Nishio Y. 2006. Material functionilization of cellulose and related polysaccharides via diverse microcompositions, Polysacharides 205, 97-151

Okareh OT, Adeolu AT. 2015. Removal of Lead ion from industrial effluent using plantain wastes, Br. J. App. Sci. Technol 8(3), 267-276.

Okiemen, FE Ebhoaye JE, Sogbaike CE. 2015. Removal of Cadmium and Copper Ions from Aqueous Solution with Cellulose Graft Copolymers, Sep. Purif. Technol 44(1), 85-89

Rani P, Mishra S, Sen G. 2013. Microwave based synthesis of polymethyl methacrylate grafted alginate, Carbohydr. Polym 91, 686-692

Roy D, Semsarilar M, Guthriea JT, Perrier S. 2006. Cellulose modification by polymer grafting, A review. Chem. Soc. Rev 38, 2046-10372

Salisu A, Mohd MS, Ahmedy AN, Ibrahim WAW, Khairil JA. 2016. Removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions using sodium alginate-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) beads. Desal. Water Treat 57(33), 15353- 15361

Sannino A, Demitiri C. 2009. Madaghiele M. Biodegradable cellulose-based hydrogels design and applications, Materials 11, 353-373

Shah SB, Patel CP,Trivedi HC. 1995. Ceric-induced grafting of acrylate monomers onto sodium alginate. Carbohydr. Polym 26, 61-67

Sharma S, Pathania D, Singh P. 2013. Preparation, characterization and Cr(VI) adsorption behavior study of poly (acrylic acid) grafted Fiscus carica bast fiber. Adv. Mater. Lett 4, 271-276

Singh V, Kumar P, Sanghi R. 2012. Use of microwave irradiation in the grafting modification of the polysaccharides-Areview. Progr. Polym. Sci 37, 340-364

Wan MW, Kan CC, Rogel BD, Dalidam LP. 2010. Adsorption of copper (II) and lead (II) ions from aqueous solution oon chitosan-coated sand, Carbohydr. Polym 80, 891-899

Zhu S, Wu Y, Yu Z, Chen Q, Yu F, Wang C, Jin S. 2006. Microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment of wheat straw and its enzymatic hydrolysis, Biosyst. Eng 94, 437-442