Optimization of fermentation conditions for the production of α-amylase by Penicillium sp. isolated from forest soil

Paper Details

Research Paper 06/11/2024
Views (758)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Optimization of fermentation conditions for the production of α-amylase by Penicillium sp. isolated from forest soil

Bhisma Narayan Swargiari, Saranga Ranjan Patgiri
Int. J. Biosci. 25(5), 19-26, November 2024.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2024; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

Starch degrading amylolytic enzymes are most important in the field of industrial microbiology and biotechnology with a huge application in food, fermentation, textile and paper industry.  A study was conducted to exploit Penicillium sp. for α-amylase production. In the study Penicillium sp. was found to be a promising producer of α-amylase. Different fermentation conditions for the production of α-amylase from Penicillium sp. were optimized. The optimum production was found at initial pH- 7.0, incubation temperature300C, carbon source- Starch (1.5%), organic nitrogen source- Peptone (0.6%), inorganic nitrogen source- (NH4)2SO4 (0.02%) and inorganic salt – KH2PO4 (0.3%) respectively. The study suggests that the mold Penicillium sp. showing 55 hours of optimum incubation time has the potentiality to be an economically viable organism for commercial production of α-amylases.

Abdullah R, Nadeem S, Iqtedar M, Kaleem A, Iftikhar T, Naz S. 2017. Influence of growth conditions on enhanced production of alpha amylase from Penicillium species in solid-state fermentation. Indian Journal of Biotechnology 16(3), 426–432.

Ayansina ADV, Adelaja AO, Mohammed SSD. 2017. Characterization of amylase from some Aspergillus and Bacillus species associated with cassava waste peels. Advances in Microbiology 7(4), 280–292. https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2017.74023.

Balakrishnan M, Jeevarathinam G, Kumar SKS, Muniraj I, Uthandi S. 2021. Optimization and scale-up of α-amylase production by Aspergillus oryzae using solid-state fermentation of edible oil cakes. BMC Biotechnology 21, 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-021-00686-7.

Binod P, Palkhiwala P, Gaikaiwari R, Nampoothiri KM, Duggal A, Dey K, Pandey A. 2013. Industrial enzymes – present status and future perspectives for India. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research 72, 271–286.

Das S, Singh S, Sharma V, Soni ML. 2011. Biotechnological applications of industrially important amylase enzyme. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences 2, 486–496.

De Souza PM, Magalhaes PO. 2010. Application of microbial α-amylases in industry: a review. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 41, 850–861.

Erdal S, Taskin M. 2010. Production of α-amylase by Penicillium expansum MT-1 in solid-state fermentation using waste loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindley) kernels as substrate. Romanian Biotechnological Letters 15, 5342–5350.

Far BE, Ahmadi Y, Khosroshahi AY, Dilmaghani A. 2020. Microbial alpha-amylase production: progress, challenges, and perspectives. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin 10(3), 350. https://doi.org/10.34172/apb.2020.043.

Grandview Research. 2024. Alpha-Amylase baking enzyme market size, share & trends analysis report by source (fungi, plant-based), by application (bread, cookies & biscuits), by region (North America, Europe), and segment forecasts, 2024–2030. https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/alpha-amylase-baking-enzyme-market (accessed 2 October 2024).

Gupta R, Gigras P, Mohapatra H, Goswami VK, Chauhan B. 2003. Microbial α-amylases: a biotechnological perspective. Process Biochemistry 38, 1599–1616.

Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Journal of Analytical Chemistry 31, 426–428. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a030.

Mostafa FA, Wehaidy HR, El-Hennawi HM, Mahmoud SA, Sharaf S, Saleh SA. 2024. Statistical optimization of α-amylase production from novel local isolated Bacillus spp. NRC1 and its textile applications. Catalysis Letters 154, 3264–3275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-023-04545-2.

Okpara MO. 2022. Microbial enzymes and their applications in the food industry: a mini-review. Advances in Enzyme Research 10(1), 23–47. https://doi.org/10.4236/aer.2022.101002.

Premalatha A, Vijayalakshmi K, Shanmugavel M, Rajakumar GS. 2023. Optimization of culture conditions for enhanced production of extracellular α‐amylase using solid‐state and submerged fermentation from Aspergillus tamarii MTCC5152. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 70(2), 835–845. https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.2403.

Sindhu R, Suprabha GN, Shashidhar S. 2009. Optimization of process parameters for the production of α-amylase from Penicillium janthinellum (NCIM 4960) under solid-state fermentation. African Journal of Microbiology Research 3(9), 498–503.

Sindhu R, Suprabha GN, Shashidhar S. 2011. Purification and characterization of α-amylase from Penicillium janthinellum (NCIM 4960) and its application in the detergent industry. Biotechnol Bioinf Bioeng 1(1), 25–32.

Singh R, Kim SW, Kumari A, Mehta PK. 2022. An overview of microbial α-amylase and recent biotechnological developments. Current Biotechnology 11(1), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.2174/2211550111666220328141044.

Sivaramakrishnan S, Gangadharan D, Nampoothiri KM, Soccol CR, Pandey A. 2006. Alpha amylases from microbial sources: an overview on recent developments. Food Technology and Biotechnology 44, 173–184.

Tiwari KL, Jadhav SK, Fatima A. 2007. Culture conditions for the production of thermostable amylase by Penicillium rugulosum. Global Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry 2, 21–24.

Van der Maarel MJEC, van der Veen B, Uitdehaag JCM, Leemhuis H, Dijkhuizen L. 2002. Properties and applications of starch-converting enzymes of the α-amylase family. Journal of Biotechnology 94, 137–155.

Verified Market Reports. 2024. Global alpha-amylase market by type (plants, bacteria), by application (fruit ripening, medical diagnostics), by geographic scope and forecast. https://www.verifiedmarketreports.com/product/alpha-amylase-market/ (accessed 2 October 2024).

Vidya B, Gomathi D, Kalaiselvi M, Ravikumar G, Uma C. 2012. Production and optimization of amylase from Penicillium chrysogenum under submerged fermentation. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1(4), 1116–1125.

Related Articles

Extraction of biologically active substances of fungi isolated from various ecosystems and evaluation of their effect

K. F. Bakhshaliyeva*, G. A. Tomuyeva, A. R. Hasanova, V. Y. Hasanova, A. M. Hasanov, S. E. Nagiyeva, A. G. Eyvazov, G. T. Huseynova, G. A. Qasimova, V. K. Isayeva, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 143-150, February 2026.

Integrative role of yeast culture metabolites in aquatic health and productivity

Sajjad Ur Rahman, Dur E Nayab, Rabia Kanwar*, Muhammad Mukarram Bashir, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 126-142, February 2026.

Land use efficiency and performance of sweet corn-cowpea intercropping influenced by temporal planting and methods of fertilizer application

Bryan Cristian M. Demolar, Marissa C. Hitalia*, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 101-125, February 2026.

Illuminating the deficiency: Public awareness of vitamin- D in Lahore, Pakistan

Muhammad Zeeshan Arif*, Muhammad Arslan Shahid, Zeerak Laila, Ahmad Ali Shabbir, Farrukh Nadeem, M Muazzam Khan, Yousuf Shahjahan, Rajab Ali, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 91-100, February 2026.

Characteristics of symbiotic relationships between plants and bacteria and the influence of stress factors on them

Konul F. Bakhshaliyeva, Navai D. İmamquliyev, Mehpara İ. Gasımova, Sevda M. Muradova, Panah Z. Muradov*, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 75-90, February 2026.

In the line of fire: Unmasking the institutional challenges in the bureau of fire protection

Mhelen Grace F. Libre, Nancy E. Aranjuez*, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 53-74, February 2026.

One health approch: Diversity of domestic larval habitats and human responsibility in mosquito proliferation in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)

Zouéra Laouali, Kouamé Wilfred Ulrich Kouadio, Moussa Namountougou*, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 38-52, February 2026.

Linkages between land use change, flooding, and water quality in the Pallikaranai Marshland, Chennai, India

Arunpandiyan Murugesan, Roshy Ann Mathews, Aarthi Mariappan, J. Ranjansri, Rajakumar Sundaram, Prashanthi Devi Marimuthu*, Int. J. Biosci. 28(2), 28-37, February 2026.