Phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Acacia etbaica Schweinf aerial parts

Paper Details

Research Paper 05/11/2023
Views (1058) Download (216)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Acacia etbaica Schweinf aerial parts

Ahmed Abdalla, Abdelazim A. Ahmed
J. Bio. Env. Sci.23( 5), 1-9, November 2023.
Certificate: JBES 2023 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

This study was aimed at evaluating the phytochemical components, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaves, twigs and stem barks of Acacia etbaica (Vachellia etbaica). Results should that the highest yields were obtained from the chloroform extract (23.5%) followed by methanol (20%), petroleum ether (2.25%), and ethyl acetate extract (1.7%) with most of them being sticky in texture. Leaves had a high amount of polyphenols (140.33mg GAE/L), tannin (8.13mg TAE/L), flavonoids (0.51%), and alkaloids (0.11%) as compared with the other parts of the plant. leaves had a high amount of saponins (0.74%). Stembark and leaf extracts showed high antioxidant activities compared with vitamin C. Chloroform and methanol extracts of all plant parts had potent antibacterial and antifungal activities when compared with extract of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts. Petroleum ether extract of all parts strongly inhibited the growth of B. subtilis with an inhibition zone ranging from 23.3-26.2mm.

VIEWS 354

Abdalla A, Ahmed AA. 2023. Proximate analysis, mineral contents, and GC-MS analysis of leaves, twigs, and thorns of Acacia Etbaica Schweinf. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 11(2), 8-11.

Adiamo OQ, Netzel ME, Hoffman LC, Sultanbawa Y. 2020. Acacia seed proteins: Low or high quality? A comprehensive review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 19(1), 21-43.

Agrawal S, Kulkarni GT, Sharma VN. 2010. A comparative study on the antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of Acacia nilotica and Berberis chitria. Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences 4(1), 78-84.

Ali A, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR. 2022. LC-MS/MS Characterization of Phenolic Metabolites and Their Antioxidant Activities from Australian Native Plants. Metabolites 12(11), 1016.

Almahy HA, Nasir OD. 2011. Phytochemical and mineral content of the leaves of four Sudanese Acacia species. Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research 2(11), 221-226.

Anand SP, Mohan G. 2014. Antioxidant activity, Phenol and Flavonoid contents of Acacia sinuata (Lourr) Merr. Bioscience Discovery 5(1), 24-27.

Awouafack MD, McGaw LJ, Gottfried S, Mbouangouere R, Tane P, Spiteller M, Eloff JN. 2013. Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of the ethanol extract, fractions and eight compounds isolated from Eriosema robustum (Fabaceae). BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 13, 289.

Bachaya HA, Iqbal Z, Khan MN, Sindhu ZU, Jabbar A. 2009. Anthelmintic activity of Ziziphus nummularia (bark) and Acacia nilotica (fruit) against Trichostrongylid nematodes of sheep. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 123(2), 325-329.

Barbosa AP, Silveira Gde O, de Menezes IA, Rezende Neto JM, Bitencurt JL, Estavam Cdos S, de Lima Ado C, Thomazzi SM, Guimarães AG, Quintans LJ Jr, dos Santos MR. 2013. Antidiabetic effect of the Chrysobalanus icaco L. aqueous extract in rats. Journal of medicinal food 16(6), 538-543.

Clark-Lewis J, Porter L. 1972. Phytochemical survey of the heartwood flavonoids of Acacia species from arid zones of Australia. Australian Journal of Chemistry 25(9), 1943-1955.

Dewanto V, Wu X, Adom KK, Liu RH. 2002. Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50(10), 3010-3014.

El-toumy SA, Mohamed SM, Hassan EM, Mossa AH. 2011. Phenolic metabolite from Acacia nilotica flowers and evaluation of its free radical scavenging activity. Journal of American Science 7(3), 287-295.

Foyzun T, Mahmud AA, Ahammed MS, Manik MIN, Hasan MK, Islam KMM, Lopa SS, Al-Amin MY, Biswas K, Afrin MR, Alam AK, Sadik G. 2022. Polyphenolics with Strong Antioxidant Activity from Acacia nilotica Ameliorate Some Biochemical Signs of Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Molecules 27, 1037.

Galib NA, Ali KS, Munaiem RT, Mohammed ASA. 2017. phytochemical Screening and Thin Layer Chromatography of Acacia Etbica SSP. Uncinata Leaves. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 6 (12), 1278-1283.

George AG. 2002. Legal status and toxicity of saponins in food and cosmetics. Toxicology 3, 85-91.

Gill LS. 1999. Medicinal uses of trees and plants in Africa. University of Benin Press: Benin. Nigeria; p. 276.

Guclu-Ustundag O, Mazza G. 2007. Saponins: properties, applications and processing. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 47(3), 231-258.

Harborne JBA. 1992.Guide to modern technique of plant analysis. London: Chapman and Hill. Phytochemical methods p. 279.

Haroun M, Khirstova P, Covington T. 2013. Analysis of commercial vegetable tannin materials and related polyphenols of selected Acacia species in Sudan. Journal of Forest Products & Industries 2(1), 21-28.

Heinrich M, Mah J, Amirkia V. 2021. Alkaloids Used as Medicines: Structural Phytochemistry Meets Biodiversity-An Update and Forward Look. Molecules 26(7), 1836.

Khaleel ZI, Aminu F, Muazu L, Muhammad A. 2021. Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Acacia Nilotica Leaf Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Some Bacteria. Journal of Biopolymers and Theoretical Studies 1(1), 1-6.

Maslin BR, Miller JT, Seigler DS. 2003. Overview of the generic status of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosidae). Australian Systematic Botany 16, 1-18.

Mattana CM, Satorres SE, Sosa A, Fusco M, Alcará LE. 2010. Antibacterial activity of extracts of acacia aroma against methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus. Brazilian journal of microbiology 41(3), 581-587.

Mwangengwa LM, Bakari GG, Kanuya NL, Max RA. 2021. Antifertility effects of crude extracts from Acacia nilotica pods and Albizia lebbeck stem bark in female multimammate rats, Mastomys natalensis. Journal of Physiology Pathophysiology 12(1), 1-10.

Obadoni BO, Ochuko PO. 2001. Phytochemical studies and comparative efficacy of the crude extracts of some homeostatic plants in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 8(2), 203-208.

Pai MB, Prashant GM, Murlikrishna KS, Shivakumar KM, Chandu GN. 2010. Antifungal efficacy of Punica granatum, Acacia nilotica, Cuminum cyminum and Foeniculum vulgare on Candida albicans: an in vitro study. Indian journal of dental research 21(3), 334-236.

Perez C, Pauli M, Bazerque P. 1990. An Antibiotic Assay by Agar Well Diffusion Method. Acta Biologiae et Medicinae Experimentalis 15, 113-115.

Pietarinen SP, Willfor SM, Sjoholm RE, Holmbom BR. 2005. Bioactive phenolic substances in important tree species. Part 3: Knots and stem wood of Acacia crassicarpa and A. mangium. Holzfoschung 59, 94-101.

Rajagopal R, Kuppusamy P, Sathya R, Nandhakumari P, Bensy ADV, Biji GD. 2022. Antifungal phytochemicals from the methanol and aqueous extract of Acacia concinna and Lantana camara and synergistic biological control of the Hibiscus mealybug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus). Physiology and Molecular Plant Pathology. 119, 101813.

Sadgrove NJ. 2022. Rumors of Psychedelics, Psychotropics and Related Derivatives in Vachellia and Senegalia in Contrast with Verified Records in Australian Acacia. Plants (Basel) 11(23), 3356.

Saeedi R, Sultana A, Rahman K. 2020. Medicinal properties of different parts of Acacia nilotica linn (Babul), its phytoconstituents and diverse pharmacological activities. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 12(2), 8-14.

Seigler DS. 2003. Phytochemistry of Acacia sensulato. Biochemical Systematic and Ecology 31, 845-873.

Singh B, Yadav CM. 2009. Effect of soybean straw on voluntary intake, nutrient utilization and rate of passage in sheep and goats. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants 15(2), 262-265.

Sofowora A. 1993. Phytochemical Screening of Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa Edition. Spectrum Books Ltd., Nigeria 150-156.

Srivastava Y, Semwal AD, Swamy MSL. 2013. Hypocholesterimic effects of cold and hot extracted virgin coconut oil (VCO) in comparison to commercial coconut oil: evidence from a male wistar albino rat model. Food Science and Biotechnology 22(6), 1501-1508.

Stevens JF, Hart HT, Hendrinks H, Malingre MT. 1992. Alkaloids of some European and macaronesian sediodege and sempervivodeae (Crassulaceae). Phytochemistry 31(11), 3917-3924.

Tadege T, Hintsa K, Weletnsae T, Gopalakrishnan VK, Muthulingam M, Kamalakararao K, Chaithanya KK. 2020. Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Leaf Extract Acacia etbaica Schweinf Against Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Human Pathogens. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11(3), 4857-4865.

Teklay A, Abera B, Giday M. 2013. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used in Kilte Awulaelo District, Tigray Region of Ethiopia. Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine 9(1), 65.

Thambiraj J, Paulsamy S. 2015. Antimicrobial efficacy of them folklore medicinal plant, Acacia caesia (L.) Wild. Kongunadu Research Journal 2(2), 110-113.

Veeresham C. 2012. Natural products derived from plants as a source of drugs. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology and research 3(4), 200-201.

Villano D, Fernandez-Pachon MS, Moya ML, Troncoso AM, Garcia-Parrilla MC. 2007. Radical scavenging ability of polyphenolic compounds towards DPPH free radical. Talanta 71(1), 230-235.

Waghorn GC. 1990. Effects of condensed tannin on protein digestion and nutritive value of fresh herbage. Proceeding of the Australian Society Animal Production 18, 412-415.

Wang Y, Ma SG, Li L, Yu SS. 2022. Indole alkaloids from the bark of Acacia confusa and their potential antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Journal of Asian Natural Product Research 24(12), 1109-1127.

Yagi S, Yagi A. ‘Important medicinal plants Sudan, in Medicinal and aromatic plants of the world, in Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS). Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO, Eolss Publishers, Paris, France, 2021.

Yayneshet T, Eik LO, Moe SR. 2008. Feeding Acacia etbaica and Dichrostachys cinereal fruits to smallholder goats in northern Ethiopia improves their performance during the dry season. Livestock Science 119, 31-41.

Zhang YJ, Gan RY, Li S, Zhou Y, Li AN, Xu DP, li H. 2015. Antioxidant Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Molecules 20(12), 21138-21156.