Targeted pinpoint gene editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9: A Review
Paper Details
Targeted pinpoint gene editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9: A Review
Abstract
CRISPR has emanated as a powerful tool for targeted, precision genome editing and is extensively captivating biomedical research world nowadays. Being more precise, faster and cheaper than predecessor DNA editing strategies like ZFN (Zinc Finger Nucleases) and TALENs (Transcription activator-like effector nucleases), the horizon of its potential application has been extremely widened. In this technique, bacterial machinery is being used to study and treat various human diseases, having gene-based etiology, β Thalassemia, spinal muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis and microcephaly. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas9 has also been applied in studying immune diseases e.g. AIDS. Moreover, its use in enhancing genetic code of crops and livestock with large-scale production of biomedical materials, is also gaining much glamor. Unlike somatic cells, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in gene manipulation of germline cells is controversial. Due to anticipated and existing ethical ramifications, it would probably take a few more years to routinely use CRISPR/Cas9 in humans. This review has been done to explore different aspects of CRISPR/Cas9, including its current and future implications.
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