Toxicity assessment of dispersit SPC 1000 on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp in Fresh and marine water from Akwa Ibom, Nigeria
Paper Details
Toxicity assessment of dispersit SPC 1000 on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp in Fresh and marine water from Akwa Ibom, Nigeria
Abstract
Unsustainable techniques, human activities, and laws used in the exploration and extraction of petroleum resources have wreaked havoc on the environment of the Niger Delta Region. This research assessed the toxicity of oil spill dispersant- Dispersit SPC 1000 on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp. in water habitats. The bacteria were isolated following standard procedures by the spread plate technique. Percentage log survival was used as the toxicity index. The result of the findings showed that the survival rate decreased with increased concentration of Dispersit SPC 1000 and as the exposure periods increased while the mortality rate increased. The study also investigated the susceptibility of the test organisms to the toxicant concentrations and the result revealed a significant difference between the toxicant concentration and the susceptibility of the test isolates though the degree of toxicity differed in the isolates studied. It was observed that Dispersit SPC 1000 exerted a greater toxic effect on Pseudomonas spp. than on E. coli. The result of the 24th-hour acute toxicity of the toxicant at various concentrations showed that Dispersit SPC 1000 was more toxic to Escherichia coli (386.93) than Pseudomonas spp (459.72) in Freshwater and more toxic to Pseudomonas spp (15.96) than Escherichia coli (1293.96) in Marine water. This was evident in the lower LC50 for Escherichia coli in freshwater and Pseudomonas spp. in marine water.
APHA. 2005. Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Waste water. 21st Ed. American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water pollution Control Federation. Washington D.C.
Hamdan LJ, Fulmer PA. 2011. Effects of Corexit EC9500 on bacteria from a beach oiled by the Deepwater Horizon spill. Aquatic Microbl Ecol 63, 101-109.
Kanu IJ, Okereke HC. 2004. Identification and Characterization of Microorganisms. In: Laboratory Guide for Microbiology, Onyeagba, A. (Ed.), Crystal Publishers, Okigwe pp. 95-110.
Kobeticova K, Bezchlebova J, Lana J, Sochova L, Hofman J. 2012. Toxicity of four nitrogen-heterocyclic polyaromatichydrocabons (NPAHs) to soil organisms. Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology 6, 1-23.
Krieg WR, Holt JG. 1994. Bergey’s Manual of Determination Bacteriology. William and V. Baltimore Ltd.
Luke ME, Odokuma LO. 2017. Acute toxicity of house boat effluents on Paleamonetes africanus and Tilapia guineensis. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicity and Food Technology 11, 69-78.
Milinkovitch T, Godefroy J, Théron M, Thomas-Guyon H. 2011. Toxicity of dispersant application: biomarkers responses in gills of juvenile golden grey mullet (Liza aurata). Environmental Science and Pollution Research Journal 159(10), 2921-2928.
Nilanjana D, Preethy C. 2011. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon Biotechnology Research International https://doi.org/10.4061/201
Nrior RR, Odokuma LO. 2015a. Comparative toxicity of drilling fluids to marine water shrimp (Mysidoposis bahia) and brackish water shrimp (Palaemonetes africanus) Journal of Environmental Sciences, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTET) 9,73-79.
Nrior RR, Odokuma LO. 2017. Ecotoxicity of degreaser and drilling fluid used in upstream sector of Nigerian petroleum industry on the freshwater higher organism (Tilapia guineensiss) and microorganism (Nitrobacter). Journal of Oil and Gas Technology 3(1), 257-270.
Obire O, Nrior RR. 2014. Effect of concentrate detergent on Pseudomonas aerogenes and Mucor racemosus. Journal of International Society of Comparative Education, Science and Technology 1, 189-199.
Odokuma and Akponah. 2008. Response of Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter and Escherichia coli to drilling fluids. Journal of Cell and Animal Biology 2(2), 043-054.
Odokuma LO, Okpokwasili GC. 2003a. Bacterial Enzyme Biosynthesis Inhibition; A tool for Ecotoxicity Assay. Glob. Journal Pure Applted Sciences 9(3), 311-318.
Okpokwasili GC, Odokuma LO. 1996. Tolerance of Nitrobacter of toxicity of hydrocarbon fuels, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 16, 89-93.
Okpokwasili GC, Odokuma LO. 1997. Response of Nitrobacter to Toxicity of oilfield dispersants and domestic detergents. Tropical Freshwater Biology 6, 65-75.
Ozoude TO, Etok CA, Eleanya EU, Agwa OK. 2018. Monitoring the bio-utilization of herbicide (Paraquat dichloride) by some bacterial species isolated from soil in Calabar, Cross-River State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Life Sciences International 16(1), 1-6.
Patrick JE, Mang DT, Young LT, 1991. Degradation of toluene and X- xylene and transformation of o-xylene by denitrifying enrichment cultures. Applied Environmental Microbiology 57, 450-454.
Prince RC. 2015. Oil spill dispersants: boon or bane? Environmental Science Technology 49, 6376-6384. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00961
Rhodes AN, Hendricks CW. 1990. A continuous flow method for measuring effects of chemicals on soil nitrification, Toxicology Assessment 5, 77-89.
Richard J, Thomas PS, Kenneth MYL. 2011. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 7(3), 3-100.
Uffort EE, Odokuma LO. 2018. Acute toxicity of two oil spill dispersants used in Nigerian petroleum industries to Nitrobacter and Thiobacillus. Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) 12(4),19-25.
Wenedo SA, Nrior RR. 2016. Response of Mucor racemosus to Toxicity of Domestic detergents. Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences 8(2), 85-91.
Williamson KJ, Johnson OG. 1981. A bacterial bioassay for assessment of wastewater toxicity. Water Research 15, 383-390.
TO. Ozoude, UN. Ekwenye, VO. Ifeanyi, EU. Amachree (2023), Toxicity assessment of dispersit SPC 1000 on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp in Fresh and marine water from Akwa Ibom, Nigeria; JBES, V22, N4, April, P69-75
https://innspub.net/toxicity-assessment-of-dispersit-spc-1000-on-escherichia-coli-and-pseudomonas-spp-in-fresh-and-marine-water-from-akwa-ibom-nigeria/
Copyright © 2023
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0