Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutants throught in vitro selection tolerant on lowland tropic1
Paper Details
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutants throught in vitro selection tolerant on lowland tropic1
Abstract
Wheat engineering to improve genetic character and to increase genetic variability for lowland tolerant was not yet give superior inbred lines. The improvement of genetic variability depends on introduction lines from Turkey, India and Mexico that is highland tolerant. Wheat plants derived from the subtropics. This plant will be develops in Indonesia. The goal of this research is to engineered lowland wheat. The research was done at BB-Biogen plant tissue culture laboratory from July 2011 until December 2013. Six varieties were used such as Dewata, Selayar, Alibey, Oasis, Rabe and HP1744. This research consists of 4 stages. The first stage was the production of best callus on MS medium containing 3 gr/l 2.4-D (the best two varieties was choose). The second stage was induced mutation of embryogenic callus using EMS. The third stage was in vitro selection at temperature 27–35°C. The last stage was callus regeneration from in vitro selection. The best result for callus production was 76% for Dewata variety and 70% for Selayar variety. The higher concentration of EMS and the longer the soaking time used decreased callus growth percentage. LC50 of Dewata variety was 0.3% EMS at 30 minutes and LC50 of Selayar variety was 0.1% EMS at 60 minutes. Dewata and Selayar variety have tolerant at temperature 27°C with value of 4.2 and 3.6. The higher the temperature the more diminished the tolerant adaptation of the plants. At higher temperature, callus growth inhibited. Even at the highest temperature (35°C) callus did not grow and die. Highest number of regenerated shoots produced on media RG2 (medium MS containing 0.1 mg/l BA, 2 mg/l kinetin, 0.05 g/l tyrosine, 6% sorbitol and 3% sugar) at 1.8 and 2.2.
Bahieldin A, Dyer WE, Qu R. 2000. Concentration effect of dicamba on shoot regeneration in wheat. Plant Breeding 119, 437-439.
Das A, Gosal SS, Sidhu JS, Dhaliwal HS. 2000. Induction of mutations for heat tolerance in potato by using in vitro culture and radiation. Euphytica 114(3), 205-209.
George EF, Sherrington TD. 1984. Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture. Handbook and Directionary of Commercial Laboratories. England.
Hassan M, Ahmed Z, Munir M, Malik SI, Shahzad K. 2009. Effect of sorbitol in callus induction and plant regeneration in wheat. African Journal of Biotechnology 8(23), 6529-6535.
Hsissou D, Bouharmont J. 1994. In vitro selection and characterization of drought-tolerant plants of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf). Agronomie 2, 65-70.
Jain SM. 2010. Mutagenesis in crop improvement under the climate change. Romanian Biotechnologycal Letters 15(2), 88-94.
Maluszynski M, Ahloowalia BS, Sigurbjomsson B. 1995. Aplplication in vivo and in vitro mutation techniques for crop improvement. Euphytica 85, 303-315.
Medina FIS, Amano E, Tano S. 2005. Mutation Breeding Manual. Japan. Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA).
Ndou VN, Shimalis H, Odindo A, Modi AT. 2013. Response of selected wheat genotypes to ethylmethanesulphonate concentration, treatment temperature and duration. Scientific Research and Essays 8(4), 189-196.
Noor S, Ali GM, Rashid U, Arshad M, Ali S, Y Zafar. 2009. Optimization of callus induction and regeneration system for Pakistani wheat cultivars Kohsar and Khyber-87. African Journal of Biotechnology 8(20), 5565-5569.
Priyono, Susila AW. 2002. Respon regenerasi in vitro eksplan sisik mikro kerk lily (Lilium longiflorum) terhadap ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Jurnal Ilmu Dasar 3(2), 74-79.
Poerba YS, Leksonowati A, Martanti D. 2009. Pengaruh mutagen etilmetansulfonat (EMS) terhadap pertumbyhan kultur in vitro iles-iles. Berita Biologi 9(4), 419-425.
Purnamaningsih R. 2006. Induksi kalus dan optimasi regenerasi empat varietas padi melalui kultur in vitro. Jurnal AgroBiogen 2(2), 74-80.
Rashid H, Ghani RA, Chaudhry Z. 2002. Effect of media, growth regulators and genotypes on callus aestivum). Biotechnology 1(1), 49-54.
Sakin MA. 2002. The use of induced Micro Mutation for Quantitative Characters after EMS and Gamma ray Treatments in Durum Wheat Breeding. Pakistan Journal of Applied Science 2(12), 1102-1107.
Sarker RH, Biswas A. 2002. In vitro plantlet regeneration and agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Tissue Culture 12(2), 155-165.
Satyavathi VV, Jauhar PP, Elias EM, Rao MB. 2004. Effect of growth regulators on In Vitro plant regeneration in durum wheat. Crop Science 44, 1839-1846.
Shah MM, Khalki Q, Khan UW, Shah SAH, Shah SH, Hassan A, Perver A. 2009. Variation in genotypic responses and biochemical analysis of callus induction in cultivated wheat. Genetics and Moleculer Research 8(3), 783-793.
Shah MI, Jabeen M, Ilahi I. 2003. In vitro callus induction, its proliferation and regeneration in seed explants of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Var.LU-26S. Pakistan Journal of Botany 35(2), 207-217.
Shabova L, Lebeda A. 2005. In vitro selection for improved plant resistance to toxin-producing pathogens. Journal Phytopathology 153, 52-64.
Sharma VK, Hansch R, Mendel RR, Schulze J. 2005. Mature embryo axis-based high frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from multiple cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Journal of Experimentasi Botany 56(417), 1913-1922.
Sung DY, Kaplan F, Lee KJ, Guy CL. 2003. Acquired tolerance to temperature extremes. Trends in Plant Sciences 8(4), 179-187.
Talebi AB, Talebi AB, Shahrokhifar B. 2012. Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) induced mutagenesis in Malaysian Rice (CV-MR 219) for LethalDose determination. American Journal of Plant Sciences 3, 1661-1665.
Van Harten AM. 1998. Mutation Breeding: Theory and Practical Applications. New York. Cambridge University Press 342-353 P.
Viswanathan P, Reddy VRK. 1996. Genetics of early flowering mutans in triticale. Acta Agronomica Hungarica 46(4), 389-391.
Wiyono NT. 1980. Cultivation of wheat (Triticum sp.). Jakarta : PT. Karya Nusantara.
Laela Sari, Agus Purwito, Didy Sopandie, Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih, Enny Sudarmonowati , 2014. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutants throught in vitro selection tolerant on lowland tropic1. Int. J. Agron. Agric. Res., 5(5), 189-199.
Copyright © 2014 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.