A study of bacterial pathogens causing nosocomial infection in intensive care unit patients and their antibiogram
Paper Details
A study of bacterial pathogens causing nosocomial infection in intensive care unit patients and their antibiogram
Abstract
Infection remains a major problem for patients in intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity and direct cost to patient and indirect to the hospital by way of hospital acquired infection. Throughout the world multidrug resistant nosocomial infections are one of the leading causes of death and morbidity amongst hospitalized patients. The aim of study is to identify bacterial pathogens causing nosocomial infections and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern for the patients admitted in different ICUs. The present study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bangalore over a period of 1 year from Jan 2014 2013 to Dec 2014. Out of 200 samples processed ,92 showed significant growth, maximum organisms were isolated from MICU (35%), followed by NUCU (7%) & PICU (4.5%). Highest samples were from blood and urine (28%), followed by sputum (15.5%), tracheal aspirate (11%),endotracheal tube (10%), pus (3%) throat swab (2.5%) and least from ascitic fluid (1%) and stools (1%). 2K. pneumoniae 20% was the commonest isolate, followed by E coli (8.5%) ,Cons (4.5%) , C freundii (3.5%) , P aeruginosa (3%) , S aureus (3%), E faecalis (2%) and Acinetobacter (1%). In general, organisms showed high resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, amikacin, amoxiclav, piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftriaxone co-trimoxazole, Cefuroxime, Cefepime and Ceftazidime. Imipenem. Meropenem linezolid and Vancomycin were highly effective antibiotics. This prospective study has highlighted that Nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance in ICUs is a major deterrent to patients outcome, increasing duration of patient stay as well as the expense.
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