home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Agronomic status of Sesame/Thala (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivations in dry regions of Sri Lanka

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/07/2017
Views (429) Download (51)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Agronomic status of Sesame/Thala (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivations in dry regions of Sri Lanka

I. A. J. K. Dissanayake, S. M. W. Ranwala, S. S. N. Perera
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res.11( 1), 42-50, July 2017.
Certificate: IJAAR 2017 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Farmer surveySesame cultivarsSesame cultivationSesame/GingellySesamum indicum

Abstract

A farmer interview (n=251) was conducted in five Sesame growing districts in dry regions of Sri Lanka (Anuradhapura, Ampara, Hambanthota, Mannar, and Puttalam) to identify the agronomic aspects of Sesame cultivation. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data and the Index of Qualitative Variation (IQV) was calculated to describe and compare the variation within and among the distributions of nominal variables. Results showed that Sesame was mainly grown in Yala season (March to August) of Sri Lanka as a secondary crop to maintain the agricultural lands for primary crops grown during Maha season (November to February). Many farmers were not aware on the Sesame cultivars developed by the Department of Agriculture and had received limited advice on cultivation practices. White seeded Sesame was mainly grown in Hambanthota (South Eastern) while black seeded Sesame was more common in Puttalam and Mannar districts (North Western) of Sri Lanka. Farmer’s selection of Sesame variety was mainly based on the availability of seeds. Sesame was mainly cultivated in small scale (<5 ha) in all the study areas and the production was less than 1t/ha. Application of fertilizer or insecticides during crop growth was rarely recorded and weedicides were often used only during land preparation. Sesame is currently an underutilized crop grown in marginal lands utilizing minimum human resources and agrochemical inputs. High potential for expansion of Sesame cultivation in Sri Lanka on degraded dry lands as ‘organic by default’ was exhibited with dedication of farmers engaged in small scale crop cultivation in the dry zone of Sri Lanka.

VIEWS 32
Cover PDF

Abeysinghe A. 1974. Sesame (Gingelly) cultivation, processing and marketting. Colombo 01, Sri Lanka: Ministry of Plantation Industry.

Anastasi U, Sortino O, Tuttobene R, Gresta F, Giuffrè AM, Santonoceto C. 2017. Agronomic performance and grain quality of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) landraces and improved varieties grown in a Mediterranean environment. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 64, 127-137.

Augstburger F, Berger J, Censkowsky U, Heid P, Milz J, Streit C. 2002. Organic Farming in the Tropics and Subtropics Exemplary Description of 20 Crops – Sesame. Germany: Naturland.

Bahrami H, Razmjoo J, Jafari AO. 2012. Effect of drought stress on germination and seedling growth of Sesame cultivars (Sesamum indicum L.). International Journal of AgriScience 2, 423-428.

Boureima S, Oukarroum A, Diouf M, Cisse N, Van Damme P. 2012. Screening for drought tolerance in mutant germplasm of sesame (Sesamum indicum) probing by chlorophyll a fluorescence. Environmental and Experimental Botany 81, 37-43.

Deepthi P, Shukla CS, Verma KP, Siva Sankar Reddy E. 2014. Yeild Assessment and Influence of Temeperature and Relative Humidity on Charcoal Rot Development in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The Bioscan 9, 193-195.

Department of Agriculture. 1998. Thala (Gingelly). For Prosperous Sri Lanka: Agricultural technology for timely important crops. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka: Ministry of Land and Agriculture 188-189.

Elleuch M, Besbes S, Roiseux O, Blecker C, Attia H. 2007. Quality characteristics of Sesame seeds and by-products. Food Chemistry 103, 641-650.

Eskandari H, Hamid A, Alizadeh-Amraie A. 2015. Development and maturation of Sesame (Sesamum indicum) seeds under different water regimes. Seed Science and Technology 43, 269-272.

FAO. 2016. FAOSTAT [Online]. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/TP.

Fazeli F, Ghorbanli M, Niknam V. 2006. Effect of drought on water relations, growth and solute accumulation in two Sesame cultivars. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9, 1829-1835.

Fazeli F, Ghorbanli M, Niknam V. 2007. Effect of drought on biomass, protein content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in two Sesame cultivars. Biologia Plantarum 51, 98-103.

Frankfort-Nachmias C, Leon-Guerrerro A. 2014. Social Statistics for a Diverse Society, California: SAGE Publication Inc.

Gunasena HPM. 2001. Thala (Sesame). Kshesthra Bogha Nispadanaya (Field Crop Production). Colombo, Sri Lanka: M.D.Gunasena & Company Ltd 494-501.

Gunda, T., Hornberger, G. M. & Gilligan, J. M. 2016. Spatiotemporal Patterns of Agricultural Drought in Sri Lanka: 1881–2010. International Journal of Climatology 36, 563-575.

Hansen R. 2011. Sesame Profile [Online]. US: Agricultural Marketing Resource Center. Available: http://www.agmrc.org/commodities-products/grains -oilseeds/sesame-profile/.

Hegde DM. 2012. Sesame. In: Peter KV (ed.) Handbook of Herbs and Spices 2nd Ed. England: Woodhead Publishing Ltd 449-486.

Jayaweera DM. 1982. Medicinal plants (Indeigenous and exotic) used in Ceylon- Part II, Colombo, Sri Lanaka: National Science Foundation 198-199.

Langham DR, Riney J, Smith G, Wiemers T. 2008. Sesame grower guide. Texas: Sesaco Corporation.

Olowe V, Adeniregun O. 2011. Appropriate threshing procedure guarantees enhanced grain yield of dehiscent Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 44, 2.

Olowe V, Adeyemo Y, Adeniregun O. 2009. Sesame: The underexploited organic oilseed crop. Journal of Science and Sustainable Development      2, 29-32.

Panabokke PR. 1996. Soils and agro-ecological and environments of Sri Lanka, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka: National Resources, Energy and Science Authority of Sri Lanka.

Parrott N, Olesen JE, Høgh-Jensen H. 2006. Certified and non-certified organic farming in the developing world, Wallingford: CABI Publishing.

Pathirana R. 1993. Collection, Evaluation, Maintenance and Utilization of Sesame Germplasm for Breeding Adapted High Yielding Cultivars. Technical Report. Sri Lanka.

Rajapaksha U. 1998. Traditional food plants in Sri Lanka, Colombo 07, Sri Lanka: Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institue, 376-379.

Weeraratna CS, Weerasinghe PA. 2009. Agriculture of Sri Lanka, Dehiwala, Sri Lanka: Sridevi Printers.

Wei X, Liu K, Zhang Y, Feng Q, Wang L, Zhao Y, Li D, Zhao Q, Zhu X, Zhu X, Li W, Fan D, Gao Y, Lu Y, Zhang X, Tang X, Zhou C, Zhu C, Liu L, Zhong R, Tian Q, Wen Z, Weng Q, Han B, Huang X, Zhang X. 2015. Genetic discovery for oil production and quality in Sesame. Nature Communications 6.

Weiss EA. 2000. Sesame. Oilseed crops. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd 131-164.

Were BA, Onkware AO, Gudu S, Welander M, Carlsson AS. 2006. Seed oil content and fatty acid composition in East African Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) accessions evaluated over 3 years. Field Crops Research 97, 254-260.

Submit Manuscript