Antioxidant, antimicrobial and biochemical analysis of mutated and cultivated Momordica charantia

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/01/2019
Views (599)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and biochemical analysis of mutated and cultivated Momordica charantia

Komal Siddiqui, Noor-e-Saba Khaskheli, Zaib-Un-Nisa, Mehtab Hussain Nizamani
J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 14(1), 194-203, January 2019.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2019; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

Momordica charantia has long been regarded as a food and medicinal plant. It plays a major role as a source of carbohydrate, protein, vitamins minerals and other nutrients in human diet. The aim of the study was to analyse antimicrobial activity, biochemical and antioxidant contents of cultivated and mutated Momordica charantia plant extracts. Two types of extracts were made; aqueous and methanol based, from leaves and fruit of Momordica charantia. In the initial work Momordica charantia seeds were treated with different mutagens namely sodium azide, silver nitrate and ethidium bromide and were germinated in IBGE research garden. Statistical analysis was carried out along with chlorophyll and carotenoid testing during the growth phase. Ethidium bromide treated seeds showed best germination rate as well as highest shoot length as compared to other mutatated plants. Highest Chlorophyll contents and carotenoids were found in leaves of ethidium bromide treated plant. The fruit and leaves of mutated and control plants were examined for biochemical contents.

Ahloowalia B, Maluszynski M. 2001. Induced mutations–A new paradigm in plant breeding. Euphytica 2, 167-173.

Akihisa T, Higo N, Tokuda H, Ukiya M, Akazawa H, Tochigi Y, Kimura Y, Suzuki T. 2007. Cucurbitane-type triterpenoids from the fruits of Momordica charantia and their cancer chemopreventive effects. Journal of Natural Products 70, 1233-1239.

Arabshahi-Delouee S, Urooj A. 2007. Antioxidant properties of various solvent extracts of mulberry (Morus indica L.) leaves. Food Chemistry 4, 1233-1240.

Begum S, Ahmed M, Siddiqui BS, Khan A, Saify ZS, Arif M. 1997. Triterpenes, a sterol and a monocyclic alcohol from Momordica charantia. Phytochemistry 7, 1313-20.

Chang CI, Chen CR, Liao YW, Cheng HL, Chen YC, Chou CH. 2008. Cucurbitane-type triterpenoids from the stems of Momordica charantia. Journal of Natural Products 8, 1327-30.

Daniel P, Supe U, Roymon MG. 2014. A review on Phytochemical analysis of Momordica charantia. Int. J. Adv. Pharm. Biol. Chem 1, 214-20.

Dhiman K, Gupta A, Sharma DK, Gill NS, Goyal A. 2012. A review on the medicinally important plants of the family Cucurbitaceae. Asian Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1, 16-26.

Harinantenaina L, Tanaka M, Takaoka S, Oda M, Mogami O, Uchida M, Asakawa Y. 2005. Momordica charantia constituents and antidiabetic screening of the isolated major compounds. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 7, 1017-21.

Horax R, Hettiarachchy N, Islam S. 2005. Total phenolic contents and phenolic acid constituents in 4 varieties of bitter melons (Momordica charantia) and antioxidant activities of their extracts. Journal of food science 4, 275-80.

Kim HY, Moon BH, Lee HJ, Choi DH. 2004. Flavonol glycosides from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides O. with glycation inhibitory activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2-3, 227-30.

Levy A, Ashiri A. 1975. Ethidium bromide—an efficient mutagen in higher plants. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 3, 397-404.

Lolitkar MM, Rao MR. 1962. Note on a hypoglycaemic principle isolated from the fruits of Momordica charantia. Journal of the University of Bombay 29, 223-4.

Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 1, 265-275.

Marston A, Hostettmann K. 1985. Review article number 6: Plant molluscicides. Phytochemistry 4, 639-652.

Miller G. 1959. Modified DNS method for reducing sugars. Analytical Chemistry 3, 426-428.

Montgomery R. 1961. Further studies of the phenol-sulfuric acid reagent for carbohydrates. Biochimica et biophysica acta 3, 591-593.

Nagasawa H, Watanabe K, Inatomi H. 2002. Effects of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) or ginger rhizome (Zingiber offifinale rosc) on spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in SHN mice. The American journal of Chinese medicine 02n03, 195-205.

Okuda T, Yoshida T, Hatano T. 1989. Ellagitannins as active constituents of medicinal plants. Planta medica 02, 117-22.

Okwu DE. 2003. The potentials of Ocimum grattisium, Pergularia extensa and Tetrapleura tetraptera as spice and flavouring agents. Nigeria Agriculture Journal 35, 143-148.

Okwu DE. 2001. Evaluation of the chemical composition of indigenous species and flavouring agents. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Science 7, 455-459.

Olaniyi A. 1974. A neutral constituent of Momordica foetida. Lloydia 4, 361-362.

Oliva CF, Vreysen MJ, Dupé S, Lees RS, Gilles JR, Gouagna LC, Chhem R. 2014.Current status and future challenges for controlling malaria with the sterile insect technique: technical and social perspectives. Acta tropica 132, 130-9.

Pitipanapong J, Chitprasert S, Goto M, Jiratchariyakul W, Sasaki M, Shotipruk A. 2007. New approach for extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia with pressurized liquid extraction. Separation and Purification Technology 3, 416-22.

Roose ML, Williams TE. 2007. Mandarin tree named ‘Tango’, Google Patents.

Saeed MK, Shahzadi I, Ahmad I, Ahmad R, Shahzad K. 2010 Nutritional analysis antioxidant activity of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) from Pakistan. Pharmacologyonline 1, 252-260.

Scalbert A. 1991. Antimicrobial properties of tannins. Phytochemistry 12, 3875-3883.

Scartezzini P, Speroni E. 2000. Review on some plants of Indian traditional medicine with antioxidant activity. Journal of ethnopharmacology 1, 23-43.

Schouten HJ, Jacobsen E. 2007. Are mutations in genetically modified plants dangerous?” BioMed Research International.

Supraja P, Usha R. 2013. Antibacterial and phytochemical screening from leaf and fruit extracts of Momordica charantia. International journal of Pharma & Bio sciences 4 1.

Takemoto DJ, Jilka C, Rockenbach S, Hughes JV. 1983. Purification and characterization of a cytostatic factor with anti-viral activity from the bitter melon. Preparative biochemistry 4, 371-93.

Voces J, Alvarez AI, Vila L, Ferrando A, De Oliveira CC, Prieto JG. 1999. Effects of administration of the standardized Panax ginseng extract G115 on hepatic antioxidant function after exhaustive exercise. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 2, 175-84.

Yasoubi P, Barzegar M, Sahari MA, Azizi MH. 2010. Total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extracts. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 9, 35-42.

Zhu ZJ, Zhong ZC, Luo ZY, Xiao ZY. 1990. Studies on the active constituent of Momordica charantia 25, 898 -903.

Related Articles

Overemphasis on blue carbon leads to biodiversity loss: A case study on subsidence coastal wetlands in southwest Taiwan

Yih-Tsong Ueng, Feng-Jiau Lin, Ya-Wen Hsiao, Perng-Sheng Chen, Hsiao-Yun Chang, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 46-57, August 2025.

An assessment of the current scenario of biodiversity in Ghana in the context of climate change

Patrick Aaniamenga Bowan, Francis Tuuli Gamuo Junior, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 35-45, August 2025.

Entomofaunal diversity in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cultivation systems within the cotton-growing zone of central Benin

Lionel Zadji, Roland Bocco, Mohamed Yaya, Abdou-Abou-Bakari Lassissi, Raphael Okounou Toko, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 21-34, August 2025.

Biogenic fabrication of biochar-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles using Miscanthus sinensis for oxytetracycline removal and toxicological assessment

Meenakshi Sundaram Sharmila, Gurusamy, Annadurai, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 10-20, August 2025.

Bacteriological analysis of selected fishes sold in wet markets in Tuguegarao city, Cagayan, Philippines

Lara Melissa G. Luis, Jay Andrea Vea D. Israel, Dorina D. Sabatin, Gina M. Zamora, Julius T. Capili, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 1-9, August 2025.

Effect of different substrates on the domestication of Saba comorensis (Bojer) Pichon (Apocynaceae), a spontaneous plant used in agroforestry system

Claude Bernard Aké*1, Bi Irié Honoré Ta2, Adjo Annie Yvette Assalé1, Yao Sadaiou Sabas Barima1, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(1), 90-96, July 2025.

Determinants of tree resource consumption around Mont Sangbé national park in western Côte d’Ivoire

Kouamé Christophe Koffi, Serge Cherry Piba, Kouakou Hilaire Bohoussou, Naomie Ouffoue, Alex Beda, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(1), 71-81, July 2025.