Assessment of heavy metals in soil – vegetable system: level, transfer and public risk analysis
Paper Details
Assessment of heavy metals in soil – vegetable system: level, transfer and public risk analysis
Abstract
Food safety is a global hazard. The Metropolitan and Industrialization have increased the level of Contaminations in the ecosystem. The current study was conducted to find out the toxic level of HMs in soil, water and contaminated vegetables, source apportionment and their impacts on the environment. A total of seventy-five samples of water, soil, and vegetables were investigated for the determination of heavy metal concentration levels through an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS 7000). The sequence of HMs concentration in Spinacia oleracea, Brassica oleraceae, Raphanus sativus, Lactuca sativa and Brassica Rapa sub-sp.rapa was observed Fe > Cu > Mn > Zn > Cd > Ni > Pb > Cr respectively. Three latent origins were extracted for HMs (Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Pb) having eigen value greater than one by principal component analysis. The precarious value of heavy metal transfer factor (HMTF) for Zn (13.395) was observed in Brassica oleraceae. The average estimated daily ingestion of metals (EDIM) was calculated which showed that all trace metals are in acceptable limit. While the value of HRI was observed > 1 for Pb, Cd and Fe in targeted vegetables which showed that vegetables are not safe for human health.
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Muhammad Tansar Abbas, Hidayat Ullah, Irshad Ullah, Muhammad Farooq, 2023. Assessment of heavy metals in soil – vegetable system: level, transfer and public risk analysis. Int. J. Biosci., 23(6), 74-84.
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