home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Chromium effects of tannery waste water and appraisal of toxicity strength reduction and alternative treatment

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/11/2013
Views (389) Download (13)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Chromium effects of tannery waste water and appraisal of toxicity strength reduction and alternative treatment

Biddut Chandra Sarker, Bristy Basak, Md. Sajedul Islam
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res.3( 11), 23-35, November 2013.
Certificate: IJAAR 2013 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Chromium (Cr)EnvironmentEnvironmental ordinanceTannery effluent and treatment

Abstract

Tannery waste waters decrease the quality of water bodies into which they are discharged is of large scale environmental concern. Disposition of tanning effluents e.g. Chromium (Cr) into the environment creates inauspicious outcomes by modifying the normal physiochemical properties of soil and water. It is determined that Chromium is the principal threat whenever tanning industry derives in to practice. Cr is extremely venomous and carcinogenic to humankind, animals, vegetations and as well overall environment. The paper was executed solely on secondary information by conferring literature informants including scientific journals, conference articles document and internet site that focused on the effects of tannery waste water and assessment of alternative treatment options used to reduce, removal, retrieve or reprocess Cr from the waste water. Effective management of tannery effluent is the need of the hour. Although a lot of treatment alternatives were assessed to preclude its effect on the environment, neither of them forced out Cr completely. In some cases researchers however successful enough practicing biotechnological methods to reduce the strength and fatal state of Chromium (e.g., Cr(Vl)). Hence, treatment alternatives are either; complex, energy consuming, expensive or applicable to a indisputable portions of the world due to engineering science or proficient work force requirement. Consequently, to tackle these important challenge demanding environmental ordinance with jurisprudence implementation has to be practiced to apply improve treatment scheme which is widely applicatory. Defilers must acknowledge the environmental cost of their manufacture and treated according to polluter pay or precaution precepts. Furthermore, the general public has to be aware of it and all concerned organizations and authorities have to work hard to accomplish zero discharge level or leastwise to gain the standard limit of Chromium discharge defined/ accorded by Environmental Protection Agency.

VIEWS 16
Cover PDF

Akan JC, Moses EA, Ogugbuaja VO. 2007. Assessment of tannery industrial effluent from Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science 7(19), 2788–2893.

Anon. 1974. Medical and Biological effects of pollutants: Chromium. National Academy Press, Washington.

Aravindhan R, Madhan B, Rao JR, Nair BU, Ramasami T. 2004. Bioaccumulation of Chromium from tannery wastewater: An approach for Chromium recovery and reuse, Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society 38(1), 300–306, 2004.

Arellano HG, Alcalde M, Ballesteros  A. 2004. Use and improvement of microbial redox enzyme for environmental purposes. Microbial Cell Factories 3(10), doi: 10.1186/1475-2859-3-10.

Arias YM, Tebo BM. 2003. Chromium reduction by sulfidogenic and non sulfidogenic microbial consortia. Applied Environmental. Microbiology 69, 1847-1853.

Awan MA, Baig MA, Iqbal J, Aslam MR, Ijaz N. 2003. Recovery of Chromium(III) from tannery wastewater. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, Bioline International 7(2), 5–8.

Basu M, Bhattacharya S, Paul AK. 1997. Isolation and characterization of chromium-resistant bacteria from tannery effluents. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 58, 535–542.

Belay AA. 2010. Impacts of Chromium from Tannery Effluent and Evaluation of Alternative Treatment Options. Journal of Environmental Protection 1, 53-58.

Cassano A, Pietra LD, Drioli E. 2007. Integrated membrane process for the recovery of Chromium salts from tannery effluents, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. American Chemical Society Washington DC 26(21), 6825–6830.

CEC (Council of the European Communities). 1986. Council Directive of 12 June 1986 on limit values and quality objectives for discharges of certain dangerous substances (86/280/EEC). Offline Journal of European Communication 181, 16–27.

Ceribasi HI, Yetis U. 2001. Biosorption of Ni(II) and Pb(II) by phanaerochate, Chrysosporium from a binary metal system, Kinetics. Water Research 27(1), 15-20.

Cervantes C, Campos-Garcia J, Devars S, Gutierrez-Corona F, Loza-Tavera H, Torres-Guzman JC, Moreno-Sanchez R. 2001. Interactions of chromium with microorganisms and plants. FEMS Microbiology, 335-347.

Chang AC, Warneke JW, Page AL, Lund LJ. 1984. Accumulation of heavy metals in sewage sludge treated soils. Journal of Environmental Quality 13, 87–91.

Cheng Y, Yan F, Huang F. 2010. Bioremediation of Cr(VI) and immobilization as Cr(III) by Ochrobactrum anthropi. Environmental Science and Technology 44, 6357–6363.

Cheung KH, Gu JD. 2007. Mechanism of hexavalent chromium detoxification by microorganisms and bioremediation application potential: A review. International Journal of Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 59, 8-15.

Coleman RN. 1988. Chromium toxicity: Effects on microorganisms with special reference to the soil matrix, in Chromium in Natural and Human Environments.

Dowdy RH, Latterel JJ, HinestlyTD, Grossman RB, Sullivan DL. 1991. Trace metal movement in an aeric ochraqualf following 14 years of annual sludge application. of Environmental Quality 20, 119–123.

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1998. Toxicological Review of Hexavalent Chromium. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.

Erdem M. 2006. Chromium recovery from chrome shaving generated in a tanning process. Journal of Hazard Mater 129, 143–146.

Flores A, Perez JM. 1999. Toxicity, apoptosis, and in vitro DNA damaged induced by potassium chromate. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 161, 75-81.

Francisco R, Alpoim MC, Morais PV. 2002. Diversity of chromium-resistant and reducing bacteria in chromium contaminated activated sludge. Journal of Applied Microbiology 92, 837–843.

Ganguli A, Tripathi AK. 2002. Bioremediation of toxic chromium from electroplating effluent by chromate-reducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa A2Chr. in two bioreactors. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 58, 416–420.

Glazer AN, Nikaido H. 1995. Microbial Biotechnology: Fundamentals of Applied Microbiology. Freeman, New York.

Gu JD, Cheung KH. 2001. Phenotypic expression of Vogesella indigofera upon exposure to hexavalent chromium. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 17, 475-480.

Halfmeier H, Schafer-Treffenfeldt W, Reuss M. 1993. Potential of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans for Waste Gas Purification. Part-2. Increase in Continuous Ferrous Iron Oxidation Kinetics Using Immobilized Cells. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 40, 582.

Haydar S, Aziz JA. 2007. Characterization and treatability studies of tannery wastewater using chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT): A Case Study of Saddiq Leather Works. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Elsevier 163(2–3), 1076–1083,

Horitsu H, Futo S, Miyazawa Y, Ogai S, Kawai K. 1987. Enzymatic reduction of hexavalent chromium by hexavalent chromium tolerant Pseudomonas ambigua G-I. Agriculture Biology and Chemistry 51, 2417– 2420.

Ishibashi YC, Cervantes C, Silver S. 1990. Chromium reduction in Pseudomonas putida. Applied Environtal Microbiology 56, 2268–2270.

Jayabalakrishnan RM, Aselvaseelan D. 2007. Efficiency of mono and mixed columns of vermiculites for treating raw tannery effluent. Journal of Applied Science 7(7), 1048– 1052.

Kannan V, Vijayasanthi M, Ramesh R, Arumugam AP. 2012. Bioremediation of Tannery Effluents by Diazotrophic cyanobacterium, Tolypothrix tenuis (Kuetz.) Schmidt em. World Rural Observations 4(1), 56-60

Kisku GC, Barmanland SC, Bhargava SK. 1999. Contamination of soil and plants with potentially toxic elements irrigated with mixed industrial effluent and its impact on the environment. Journal of Water, Air, and Soil Pollution Kluwer Academic Publishers 120(1–2), 121–137.

Konovalova VV, Dmytrenko GM, Nigmatullin RR, Bryk MT, Gvozdyak PI. 2003. Chromium(VI) reduction in a membrane bioreactor with immobilized Pseudomonas cells. Enzyme and Microbiology Technology 33, 899–907.

Kotas J, Stasicka Z. 2000. Chromium occurrence in the environment and methods of its speciation. Environmental Pollution 107, 263–283.

Krauter P, Martinelli R, Williams K, Martins S. 1996. Removal of Cr(VI)from Ground Water by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biodegradation 7, 277-286.

Lovley, Philip. 1994. Reduction of chromate by Desulfovibrio vulgaris and its C3 cytochrome. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60, 726-728.

Ludvik L. 2000. Chromium balance in leather processing, regional programme for pollution control in the tanning industry in south-east Asia, United Nations Industrial Development Organization Report.

Marchese M, Gagneten AM, Parma MJ, Pavé PJ. 2008. Accumulation and elimination of Chromium by freshwater species exposed to spiked sediments. Archives of Environ Contamination and Toxicology, Springer 55(1), 603–609.

McLean J, Beveridge TJ. 2000. Chromate reduction by a Pseudomonad isolated from a site contaminated with chromate copper arsenate. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2, 611-619.

McLean J, Beveridge TJ. 2001. Chromate reduction by a pseudomonad isolated from a site contaminated with chromated copper arsenate. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, 1076– 1084.

Middleton SS, Latmani RB, Mackey MR, Ellisman MH, Tebo BM, Criddle CS. 2003. Cometabolism of Cr(VI) by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Produces Cell-Associated Reduced Chromium and Inhibits Growth. Wiley Inter. Science (www.interscience.wiley.com) doi: 10.1002/bit.10725.

Miller JG, Chapman PJ, Pritchard PH. 1989. Creosote contaminated sites. Environmental science and technology, 1197-1201.

Moore, Ramamoorthy. 2001. IUE assessment for Chromium containing waste forms the leather industry.

Mukherjee G. 2006. Conventional Chromium, leather international technology. Available at: http://www.Leathermag.com/news/fullstory.php/aid /10454/Conventional_Chromium.html

Myers C.R, Carstens BP, Antholine WE, Myers JM. 2000. Chromium(VI) reductase activity is associated with the cytoplasmic Membrane of anaerobically grown Shewanella putrefaciens MR-1. Journal of Applied Microbiology 88, 98–106.

Nishanth T, Prakash MN, Vijith H. 2010. Suitable Site Determination for Urban Solid Waste Disposal Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques in Kottayam Municipality,India, International Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 1(2).

Nyer EK. 1992. Treatment methods for inorganic compounds. Groundwater treatment technology, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 218.

Patterson JW. 1985. Industrial Wastewater Treatment Technology. Butterworth Publishers, Stoneham, 53–393.

QuiIntana A, Curutchet G, Donati E. 2001. Factors affecting chromium(VI) reduction by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Biochemistry Engineering Journal 9, 11-15.

Rahmaty R, Khara J. 2011. Effects of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza Glomus intraradices on photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and chromium accumulation in maize plants treated with chromium. Turkish Journal of Biology 35, 51–58.

Rai D, Sass BM, Moore DA. 1987. Chromium(III) hydrolysis constants and solubility of Chromium(III) hydroxide. Inorganic Chemistry 26, 345–349.

Rai UN, Dwivedi S, Tripathi RD, Shukla OP, Singh NK. 2005. Algal biomass: An economical method for removal of Chromium from tannery effluent. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 75(2), 297–303.

Rosko JJ, Rachlin JW. 1977. Effect of cadmium, copper, mercury, zinc and lead on cell- division, growth, and chlorophyll-a content of chlorophyte Chlorella vulgaris. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 104, 226-233.

Rulkens WH, Grotenhuis JTC, Tichy R. 1995. Methods of cleaning contaminated soils and sediments. In: W. Salomons, U. Forstner, P. Mader (eds.,) Heavy Metals. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 151– 191.

Sharma K. 2002. Microbial Cr(VI) reduction: role of electron donors, acceptors and mechanisms, with special emphasis on clostridium spp. A dissertation presented to the graduate school of the University of Florida in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy. University of Florida.

Shen TT. 1999. Industrial pollution prevention, 2nd Edition, Springer, pp. 40.

Silverberg BA, Wong PTS, Chau YK. 1977. Effect of tetramethyl lead on freshwater green-algae. Archive of Environmental Conservation and Toxicology 5, 305–313.

Sisti F, Allegretti P, Donati E. 1996. The reduction of dichromate by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Biotechnology Letter 18, 1477–1480.

Sovani S. 2005, SPAN Nov/ Dec 2005, Powell & Associates.

Stern RM. 1982. Chromium compounds: production and occupational exposure. In: Biological and Environmental Aspects of Chromium, pp. 547. (Langard, S., Ed.). Amsterdam, Elsevier Press.

Tadesse I, Isoaho SA, Green FB, Puhakka JA. 2006. Lime enhanced Chromium removal in advanced integrated wastewater pond system, bio-resource technology. Elsevier 97(4), 529–534, 2006.

Towill LE, Shriner CR, Drury JS. 1978. Reviews of the environmental effects of pollutants Chromium(lll). National Academy Press, Cincinnati, OH.

Turick CE, Apel WA. 1997. A bioprocess strategy that allows for the selection of Cr (VI) reducing bacteria from soils. Journal of industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 18, 247-250.

Unal D, Isik NO, Sukatar A. 2010. Effects of Chromium VI stress on green alga Ulva lactuca (L.). Turkish Journal of Biology 34, 119–124.

Venitt S, Levy LS. 1974. Mutagenicity of chromatesin bacteria and its relevance to chromate carcinogenesis. Nature 250, 493-495.

Vijayanand KP, Ganesh P, Raj AJR, Achary A. 2012. Studies on the Bioremediation of Chromium(VI) Through Bioleaching by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Int. Journal of Research in Environmental Science and Technology 2(3), 54–60.

Wang YT, Shen H. 1995. Bacterial reduction of hexavalent chromium: a review. Journal of Indian Microbiology 14, 159–163.

Watts RJ. 1998. Hazardous waste: sources, pathways, receptors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y., 123.

Wionczyk  B,  Apostoluk  W,  Charewicz  WA. 2006. Solvent extraction of Chromium (III) from spent tanning liquors with Aliquat 336. Journal of Hydrometallurgy 82(1–2), 83–92.

Zahir E. 1996. Characterization and treatment of the soil of an industrial site contaminated with Cr(VI). Journal of Environmental Science and Health 31(1), 227–247.

Zhang Z, Leonard SS, Wang S, Vallyathan V, Castranova V, Shi X. 2001. Cr(VI) induces cell growth arrest through hydrogen peroxide. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 1(2), 77-83.

Submit Manuscript