home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Human Adenovirus Infections among Hospitalized Children with Acute Diarrhea in Pakistan

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/01/2020
Views (567) Download (38)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Human Adenovirus Infections among Hospitalized Children with Acute Diarrhea in Pakistan

Zainab Khattak Nayab Mahmood, Muhammad Masroor Alam, Sohail Zahoor Zaidi, Muhammad Usman, Ribqa Akhtar, Nighat Mushtaq, Muhammad Salman, Aamer Ali Shah
Int. J. Biosci.16( 1), 184-196, January 2020.
Certificate: IJB 2020 [Generate Certificate]
Key: ChildrenGastroenteritisHuman adenovirusPakistanRotavirus

Abstract

Viral gastroenteritis afflicts an enormous number of persons all over the world. It establishes a main hazard particularly to susceptible people for example children, aged people, and immune compromised individuals. Rotavirus and adenovirus are the two important agents associated with hospitalization for diarrhea especially in children. Pakistan is among one of the Asian countries with higher diarrhea related child’s death. The aim of the study is the assessment of the molecular epidemiological study of HAdV in children with gastroenteritis in Pakistan. During January 2017 to December 2018, 1,086 stool samples were collected from children under 5 years of age from five hospitals; Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi (BBH), Mayo Hospital, Lahore (MHL), Children’s Hospital, Lahore (CHL), Kharadar General Hospital (KGH), Karachi and National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi, Pakistan. A demographic and clinical study was performed for determination of the relationship among viral infection and clinical consequences of patients. Atotal 198/1,086 (18.23%) stool samples were determined to be positive for HAdV by PCR. Among them 26.76% (n=53) were found to be co-infected with rotavirus. There was a significant relation of diarrhea related clinical parameters with HAdV. This study provides vital data on HAdV in Pakistani children. The presence of higher disease load of HAdV in early age children of our country produced additional emphasis on the prioritization of the analysis of HAdVs particularly in the neonates and early-age infants. Briefly, this study demonstrates that HAdV is the main cause of gastroenteritis in Pakistani children.

Cover PDF

Afrad MH, Avzun T, Haque J, Haque W. Hossain ME, Rahman AR, Ahmed S, Faruque ASG, Rahman MZ, Rahman M. 2018. “Detection of enteric‐and non‐enteric adenoviruses in gastroenteritis patients, Bangladesh, 2012‐2015.” Journal of medical virology 90(4), 677-684.

Agboatwalla M, Isomura S, Akram DS, Isihara Y, Sakae K, Yamashita T, Nishuo O. 1995. “Enteric viral infections in pre-school children in Karachi, Pakistan.” The Indian Journal of Pediatrics 62(3), 345-351.

Ahmad T, Arshad N, Adnan F, Zaidi NUSS, Shahid MT, Zahoor U, Afzal MS, Anjum S. 2016. “Prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A virus and enterovirus in water samples collected from different region of Peshawar, Pakistan.” Ann Agric Environ Med 23(4), 576-580.

Al-Thani A, Baris M, Al-Lawati N, Al-Dhahry S. 2013. “Characterising the aetiology of severe acute gastroenteritis among patients visiting a hospital in Qatar using real-time polymerase chain reaction.” BMC infectious diseases 13(1), 329.

Al Qurashi YMA, Alkhalaf MA, Lim L, Guiver M, Cooper RJ. 2012. “Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hexon, fiber, and penton regions of adenoviruses isolated from AIDS patients.” Journal of medical virology 84(8), 1157-1165.

Alam MM, Khurshid A, Shaukat S, Rana MS, Sharif S, Angez M, Nisar N, Naeem M, Zaidi SSZ. 2013. “Human parechovirus genotypes-10,-13 and-15 in Pakistani children with acute dehydrating gastroenteritis.” PloS one 8(11), e78377.

Alam MM, Khurshid A, Shaukat S, Sharif S,  Suleman RM, Angez M, Nisar N, Aamir UB, Naeem M, Zaidi SSZ. 2015. “‘Human bocavirus in Pakistani children with gastroenteritis’.” Journal of medical virology 87(4), 656-663.

AlcalĂĄ AC, PĂ©rez K, Blanco R, GonzĂĄlez R, Ludert JE, Liprandi F, Vizzi E. 2018. “Molecular detection of human enteric viruses circulating among children with acute gastroenteritis in Valencia, Venezuela, before rotavirus vaccine implementation.” Gut pathogens 10(1), 6.

Aminu M, Ahmad A, Umoh J, De Beer M, Esona M,  Steele A. 2007. “Adenovirus infection in children with diarrhea disease in Northwestern Nigeria.” Annals of African medicine 6(4).

Arowolo KO, Ayolabi CI, Lapinski B, Santos JS, Raboni SM. 2019. “Epidemiology of enteric viruses in children with gastroenteritis in Ogun State, Nigeria.” Journal of medical virology 91(6), 1022-1029.

Babalola MO, Odaibo GN, Olaleye DO, Alonge AO. 2015. “Enteric adenovirus and norovirus gastroenteritis among under-5 years children in Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria.” Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research: 1-9.

Bernstein DI. 2009. “Rotavirus overview.” The Pediatric infectious disease journal 28(3), S50-S53.

Biçer  S, Sahin GT, Koncay B, Gemici H, Siraneci R, Ozturk N, Sevketogˇlu E. 2011. “Incidence assessment of rotavirus and adenovirus associated acute gastroenteritis cases in early childhood.” Infez Med 19(2), 113-119.

Biscaro V, Piccinelli G, Gargiulo F, Ianiro G, Caruso A, Caccuri F, De Francesco MA. 2018. “Detection and molecular characterization of enteric viruses in children with acute gastroenteritis in Northern Italy.” Infection, Genetics and Evolution 60, 35-41.

Brumback AC, Ellwood I, Kjaerby C, Iafrati J, Robinson S, Lee A, Patel T, Nagaraj S, Davatolhagh F, Sohal VS. 2018. “Identifying specific prefrontal neurons that contribute to autism-associated abnormalities in physiology and social behavior.” Molecular psychiatry 23(10), 2078.

Cardine AM, Gourlain K, Mouterde O, Castignolles N, Hellot MF, Mallet E, Janvresse CB. 2002. “Epidemiology of acute viral gastroenteritis in children hospitalized in Rouen, France.” Clinical Infectious Diseases 34(9), 1170-1178.

Carraturo A, Catalani V, Tega L. 2008. “Microbiological and epidemiological aspects of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus infections in hospitalized children in Italy.” The new microbiologica 31(3), 329.

Chansaenroj J, Tuanthap S, Thanusuwannasak T, Duang-in A, Klinfueng S, Thaneskongtong N, Vutithanachot V, Vongpunsawad S, Poovorawan Y. 2017. “Human enteroviruses associated with and without diarrhea in Thailand between 2010 and 2016.” PloS one 12(7), e0182078.

Chitambar S, Gopalkrishna V, Chhabra P, Patil P, Verma H, Lahon A, Arora R, Tatte V, Ranshing S, Dhale G. 2012. “Diversity in the enteric viruses detected in outbreaks of gastroenteritis from Mumbai, Western India.” International journal of environmental research and public health 9(3), 895-915.

Chow CM, Leung AK, Hon KL. 2010. “Acute gastroenteritis: from guidelines to real life.” Clinical and experimental gastroenterology 3, 97.

Costa LCPDN, Siqueira JAM, Portal TM, JĂșnior S, Costa E, Linhares ADC, Gabbay YB, Resque HR. 2017. “Detection and genotyping of human adenovirus and sapovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in BelĂ©m, ParĂĄ, between 1990 and 1992: first detection of GI. 7 and GV. 2 sapoviruses in Brazil.” Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 50(5), 621-628.

Cunliffe NA, Booth JA, Elliot C, Lowe SJ, Sopwith W, Kitchin N, Nakagomi O, Nakagomi T, Hart CA, Regan M. 2010. “Healthcare-associated viral gastroenteritis among children in a large pediatric hospital, United Kingdom.” Emerging infectious diseases 16(1), 55.

Dey RS, Ghosh S, Chawla-Sarkar M, Panchalingam S, Nataro JP, Sur DManna B, Ramamurthy T. 2011. “Circulation of a novel pattern of infections by enteric adenovirus serotype 41 among children below 5 years of age in Kolkata, India.” Journal of clinical microbiology 49(2), 500-505.

Elhag WI, Saeed HA, El Fadhil EO,  Ali AS. 2013. “Prevalence of rotavirus and adenovirus associated with diarrhea among displaced communities in Khartoum, Sudan.” BMC infectious diseases 13(1), 209.

Ghebremedhin B. 2014. “Human adenovirus: Viral pathogen with increasing importance.” European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 4(1), 26-33.

Jaff DO, Aziz TA, Smith NR. 2016. “The incidence of rotavirus and adenovirus infections among children with diarrhea in Sulaimani Province, Iraq.” Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 4(01), 124.

Japhet MO, Adesina OA, Famurewa O, Svensson L, Nordgren J. 2012. “Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus and norovirus in Ile‐Ife, Nigeria: High prevalence of G12P [8] rotavirus strains and detection of a rare norovirus genotype.” Journal of medical virology 84(9), 1489-1496.

La Rosa G, Della Libera S, Petricca S, Iaconelli M, Donia D, Saccucci P, Cenko F, Xhelilaj G, Divizia M. 2015. “Genetic diversity of human adenovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis, Albania, 2013–2015.” BioMed research international 2015.

La Rosa G, Muscillo M, Iaconelli M, Di Grazia A, Fontana S, Sali M, De Carolis E, Cattani P, Manzara S, Fadda G. 2006. “Molecular characterization of human adenoviruses isolated in Italy.” Microbiologica-Bologna- 29(3), 177.

Lee JI, Lee GC, Chung JY, Han TH, Lee YK, M. Kim S, Lee CH. 2012. “Detection and molecular characterization of adenoviruses in Korean children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis.” Microbiology and immunology 56(8), 523-528.

Lekana-Douki SE, Kombila-Koumavor C, Nkoghe D, Drosten C, Drexler JF, Leroy EM. 2015. “Molecular epidemiology of enteric viruses and genotyping of rotavirus A, adenovirus and astrovirus among children under 5 years old in Gabon.” International Journal of Infectious Diseases 34, 90-95.

Lin HC, Kao C, Lu C, Lee C, Chiu T, Lee P, Tseng H, Hsu H, Lee C, Huang L. 2000. “Enteric adenovirus infection in children in Taipei.” Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection= Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi 33(3), 176-180.

Liu L, Qian Y, Zhang Y, Deng J, Jia L, Dong H. 2014. “Adenoviruses associated with acute diarrhea in children in Beijing, China.” PloS one 9(2), e88791.

Lu L, Zhong H, Su L, Cao L, Xu M, Dong N, Xu J.  2017. “Detection and molecular characterization of human adenovirus infections among hospitalized children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai, China, 2006–2011.” Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2017.

Mayindou G, Ngokana BA,  SidibĂ© MoundĂ©lé V, Koukouikila Koussounda F, Christevy Vouvoungui J, Kwedi Nolna S, Velavan TP, Ntoumi F. 2016. “Molecular epidemiology and surveillance of circulating rotavirus and adenovirus in Congolese children with gastroenteritis.” Journal of medical virology 88(4), 596-605.

McAuliffe GN, Anderson TP, Stevens M, Adams J, Coleman R, Mahagamasekera P, Young S, Henderson T, Hofmann M, Jennings LC. 2013. “Systematic application of multiplex PCR enhances the detection of bacteria, parasites, and viruses in stool samples.” Journal of Infection 67(2), 122-129.

Mokomane M, Kasvosve I, Melo ED, Pernica JM, Goldfarb DM. 2018. “The global problem of childhood diarrhoeal diseases: emerging strategies in prevention and management.” Therapeutic advances in infectious disease 5(1), 29-43.

Motamedifar M, Amini E, Shirazi PT. 2013. “Frequency of rotavirus and adenovirus gastroenteritis among children in Shiraz, Iran.” Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 15(8), 729.

Moyo SJ, Hanevik K, Blomberg B, Kommedal  O, Nordbþ SA, Maselle S. Langeland N. 2014. “Prevalence and molecular characterisation of human adenovirus in diarrhoeic children in Tanzania; a case control study.” BMC infectious diseases 14(1), 666.

OuĂ©draogo N, Kaplon J, Bonkoungou IJO,  TraorĂ© AS, Pothier P, Barro N, Ambert-Balay K. 2016. “Prevalence and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in children with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.” PLoS One 11(4), e0153652.

ÖztaƟ S, AltındiƟ M, AĆŸÄ±k G, Acar S, Karagöz A, BĂŒkĂŒlmez A, KeƟli R, Durmaz R. 2016. “Rotavirus and adenovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis and the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus.” Evaluation 74, 78.

Pereira Filho E, da Costa Faria NR, Fialho A. M, de Assis RS, Almeida MMS, Rocha M, Galvao M, dos Santos FB, Barreto ML, Leite JPG. 2007. “Adenoviruses associated with acute gastroenteritis in hospitalized and community children up to 5 years old in Rio de Janeiro and Salvador, Brazil.” Journal of medical microbiology 56(3), 313-319.

Qiu FZ, Shen XX, Li GX, Zhao L, Chen C, Duan SX, Guo JY, Zhao MC, Yan TF, Qi JJ. 2018). “Adenovirus associated with acute diarrhea: a case-control study.” BMC infectious diseases 18(1), 450.

Radke JR, Cook JL. 2018. “Human adenovirus infections: update and consideration of mechanisms of viral persistence.” Current opinion in infectious diseases 31(3), 251.

Reis TAV, Assis ASF, Valle DAd, Barletta VH, Carvalho IPd, Rose TL, Portes SAR, Leite JPG. 2016. “The role of human adenoviruses type 41 in acute diarrheal disease in Minas Gerais after rotavirus vaccination.” brazilian journal of microbiology 47(1), 243-250.

Ribeiro J, Ferreira D, Arrabalde C, Almeida S, Baldaque I, Sousa H. 2015. “Prevalence of adenovirus and rotavirus infection in immunocompromised patients with acute gastroenteritis in Portugal.” World journal of virology 4(4), 372.

Sanaei Dashti A, Ghahremani P, Hashempoor T,  Karimi A. 2016. “Molecular epidemiology of enteric adenovirus gastroenteritis in under-five-year-old children in Iran.” Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2016.

Santosham M. 2002. “Oral rehydration therapy: reverse transfer of technology.” Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine 156(12), 1177-1179.

Sarkar R, Tate JE, Ajjampur SS, Kattula D, John J, Ward HD, Kang G. 2014. “Burden of diarrhea, hospitalization and mortality due to cryptosporidial infections in Indian children.” PLoS neglected tropical diseases 8(7), e3042.

Sharifi-Rad J, Alfatemi SMH, Sharifi-Rad M, Miri A. 2015. “Frequency of adenoviruses, rotaviruses and noroviruses among diarrhea samples collected from infants of zabol, southeastern iran.” Jundishapur journal of microbiology 8(3).

Simon AK, Hollander GA, McMichael A. 2015. “Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age.” Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282(1821), 20143085.

Sriwanna P, Chieochansin T, Vuthitanachot C, Vuthitanachot V, Theamboonlers A, Poovorawan Y. 2013. “Molecular characterization of human adenovirus infection in Thailand, 2009–2012.” Virology journal 10(1), 93.

Tran A, Talmud D, Lejeune B, Jovenin N, Renois F, Payan C, Leveque N, Andreoletti L. 2010. “Prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, and astrovirus infections and coinfections among hospitalized children in northern France.” Journal of clinical microbiology 48(5), 1943-1946.

Valentini D, Vittucci A, Grandin A, Tozzi A, Russo C, Onori M, Menichella D, Bartuli A, Villani A. 2013. “Coinfection in acute gastroenteritis predicts a more severe clinical course in children.” European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 32(7), 909-915.

Varela G, BatthyĂĄny L, Bianco MN, PĂ©rez W, Pardo L, Algorta G, Robino L, SuĂĄrez R, Navarro A, PĂ­rez MC. 2015. “Enteropathogens associated with acute diarrhea in children from households with high socioeconomic level in Uruguay.” International journal of microbiology 2015.

VergataƧ UDRT. 2007. “Prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus and enteric parasites among pediatric patients attending Saint Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou.” Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 10(23), 4266-4270.

Vetter MR, Staggemeier R, Vecchia AD, Henzel A, Rigotto C, Spilki FR. 2015. “Seasonal variation on the presence of adenoviruses in stools from non-diarrheic patients.” Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 46(3), 749-752.

Wilhelmi I, Roman E, Sanchez-Fauquier A. 2003. “Viruses causing gastroenteritis.” Clinical microbiology and infection 9(4), 247-262.

Wong S, Pabbaraju K, Pang XL, Lee BE, Fox J. D. 2008. “Detection of a broad range of human adenoviruses in respiratory tract samples using a sensitive multiplex real‐time PCR assay.” Journal of medical virology 80(5), 856-865.

Yousefi M, Nejati A, Zahraei SM, Mahmoudi S, Parhizgari N, Farsani SMJ, Mahmoodi M, Nategh R, Shahmahmoodi S. 2018. “Enteroviruses and Adenoviruses in stool specimens of paralytic children-can they be the cause of paralysis?” Iranian journal of microbiology 10(3), 194.

Yu X, Veesler D, Campbell MG, Barry ME, Asturias FJ, Barry MA, Reddy VS. 2017. “Cryo-EM structure of human adenovirus D26 reveals the conservation of structural organization among human adenoviruses.” Science advances 3(5), e1602670.

Submit Manuscript