Effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) on protease and antioxidant activity of selenium modified fibrinolytic enzyme nattokinase produced by Bacillus natto cells
Paper Details
Effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) on protease and antioxidant activity of selenium modified fibrinolytic enzyme nattokinase produced by Bacillus natto cells
Abstract
Nattokinase is a serine protease of the subtilisin family which exhibits a strong fibrinolytic activity and works by inactivating plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). In this study selenium was enriched in nattokinase, as it has many functions incorporated with selenoprotein like as an antioxidant which protects the body from oxidative stress. Also, effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) on protease and antioxidant activity of selenium enriched nattokinase was determined. SDS-PAGE was used to determine the molecular weight and purity of enzyme. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by different spectrophotometric methods like, DPPH, OH radical scavenging, FRAP and T-AOC assay. Optimization of PEF parameters revealed that 2 kV/cm of electric field strength, 10 min electroporation time, 20 µs of pulse width and 1 Hz frequency were suitable conditions for cell vitality and nattokinase production. The vitality of selenium enriched cells was higher most (9.34 × 107) at optimized PEF treatment. After PEF treatment, the overall antioxidant activity was significantly (P < 0.05) increased. However the DPPH activity increased from 0.38±0.03 mg/mL (NK1) to 0.107±0.01 mg/mL (NK4) of EC50 values. The improvement of ·OH radical scavenging activity was observed from 60.63±5.2 U/mg (NK1) to 104.8±5.6 U/mg (NK4). The antioxidant activity by T-AOC and FRAP assays after PEF treatment was improved from 32.8±4.0 U/mg and 682.63±70.6 µg TE/mg (NK1) to 63.3±3.5 U/mg and 844.46±81.05 µg TE/mg respectively. From this study, it was concluded that selenium enrichment by pulsed electric field can analogously enhance the antioxidant and protease activity of novel fibrinolytic enzyme nattokinase.
Andreini C, Bertini I. 2012. A bioinformatics view of zinc enzymes. Journal of inorganic biochemistry 111, 150-156.
Anson ML. 1938. The estimation of pepsin, trypsin, papain, and cathepsin with hemoglobin. The Journal of general physiology 22(1), 79.
Barba FJ, Parniakov O, Pereira SA, Wiktor A, Grimi N, Boussetta N, Witrowa-Rajchert D. 2015. Current applications and new opportunities for the use of pulsed electric fields in food science and industry. Food Research International 77, 773-798.
Bendicho S, Marsellés-Fontanet AR, Barbosa-Cánovas GV, Martín-Belloso O. 2005. High intensity pulsed electric fields and heat treatments applied to a protease from Bacillus subtilis. A comparison study of multiple systems. Journal of Food Engineering 69(3), 317-323.
Benzie IF, Strain JJ. 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Analytical biochemistry 239(1), 70-76.
Biswas KC, Barton LL, Tsui WL, Shuman K, Gillespie J, Eze CS. 2011. A novel method for the measurement of elemental selenium produced by bacterial reduction of selenite. Journal of microbiological methods 86(2), 140-144.
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food science and Technology 28(1), 25-30.
Dellarosa, Tappi S, Ragni L, Laghi L, Rocculi P, Dalla Rosa M. 2016. Metabolic response of fresh-cut apples induced by pulsed electric fields. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 38, 356-364.
Dumont E, Vanhaecke F, Cornelis R. 2006. Selenium speciation from food source to metabolites: a critical review. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 385(7), 1304-1323.
Gehl J. 2003. Electroporation: theory and methods, perspectives for drug delivery, gene therapy and research. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 177(4), 437-447.
Góral M, Pankiewicz U. 2017. Effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) on accumulation of magnesium in Lactobacillus rhamnosus B 442 cells. The Journal of membrane biology 250(5), 565-572.
Hausler WJ. 1972. Standard methods for the examination of dairy products: American Public Health Association.
Lacour M, Zunder T, Restle A, Schwarzer G. 2004. No evidence for an impact of selenium supplementation on environment associated health disorders–a systematic review. International journal of hygiene and environmental health 207(1), 1-13.
Li Z, Tan J, Shao L, Dong X, Richard DY, Chen D. 2017. Selenium-mediated protection in reversing the sensitivity of bacterium to the bactericidal antibiotics. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 41, 23-31.
Liang R, Li X, Lin S, Wang J. 2017. Effects on functional groups and zeta potential of SAP1< MW< 3kDa treated by pulsed electric field technology. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 97(2), 578-586.
Loghavi L, Sastry SK, Yousef AE. 2008. Effect of moderate electric field frequency on growth kinetics and metabolic activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Biotechnology progress 24(1), 148-153.
Monachese M, Burton JP, Reid G. 2012. Bioremediation and tolerance of humans to heavy metals through microbial processes: a potential role for probiotics? Appl. Environ. Microbiol 78(18), 6397-6404.
Mrvčić J, Stanzer D, Šolić E, Stehlik-Tomas V. 2012. Interaction of lactic acid bacteria with metal ions: opportunities for improving food safety and quality. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 28(9), 2771-2782.
Nagy G, Pinczes G, Pinter G, Pocsi I, Prokisch J, Banfalvi G. 2016. In situ electron microscopy of lactomicroselenium particles in probiotic bacteria. International journal of molecular sciences 17(7), 1047.
Navarro-Alarcon M, Cabrera-Vique C. 2008. Selenium in food and the human body: a review. Science of the total environment 400(1-3), 115-141.
Ndhlala A, Moyo M, Van Staden J. 2010. Natural antioxidants: fascinating or mythical biomolecules? Molecules 15(10), 6905-6930.
Pankiewicz U, Jamroz J. 2008. Influence of pulsed electric field on selenocysteine content in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of food biochemistry 32(6), 725-739.
Pankiewicz U, Jamroz J. 2010. Effect of pulsed electric fields upon accumulation of magnesium in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. European Food Research and Technology 231(5), 663-668.
Pankiewicz U, Sujka M, Jamroz J. 2015. Bioaccumulation of the selected metal ions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells under treatment of the culture with pulsed electric field (PEF). The Journal of membrane biology 248(6), 943-949.
Pophaly SD, Singh P, Kumar H, Tomar SK, Singh R. 2014. Selenium enrichment of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria: A functional food perspective. Trends in Food Science & Technology 39(2), 135-145.
Seratlić S, Bugarski B, Nedović V, Radulović Z, Wadsö L, Dejmek P, Galindo FG. 2013. Behavior of the surviving population of Lactobacillus plantarum 564 upon the application of pulsed electric fields. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 17, 93-98.
Traffano-Schiffo MV, Tylewicz U, Castro-Giraldez M, Fito PJ, Ragni L, Dalla Rosa M. 2016. Effect of pulsed electric fields pre-treatment on mass transport during the osmotic dehydration of organic kiwifruit. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 38, 243-251.
Wang C, Du M, Zheng D, Kong F, Zu G, Feng Y. 2009. Purification and characterization of nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis natto B-12. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 57(20), 9722-9729.
Wang H, Zhang J, Yu H. 2007. Elemental selenium at nano size possesses lower toxicity without compromising the fundamental effect on selenoenzymes: comparison with selenomethionine in mice. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 42(10), 1524-1533.
Wang J, Wang K, Wang Y, Lin S, Zhao P, Jones G. 2014. A novel application of pulsed electric field (PEF) processing for improving glutathione (GSH) antioxidant activity. Food chemistry 161, 361-366.
Xu C, Qiao L, Guo Y, Ma L, Cheng Y. 2018. Preparation, characteristics and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides and proteins-capped selenium nanoparticles synthesized by Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393. Carbohydrate polymers 195, 576-585.
Zhang JS, Gao XY, Zhang LD, Bao YP. 2001. Biological effects of a nano red elemental selenium. Biofactors 15(1), 27-38.
Khalid Amin, Xiangbo Zeng, You Ying, Yang Hu, Sun He, Lv Bo, Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Ishaq, Hansong Yu (2019), Effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) on protease and antioxidant activity of selenium modified fibrinolytic enzyme nattokinase produced by Bacillus natto cells; IJB, V14, N5, May, P282-293
https://innspub.net/effect-of-pulsed-electric-fields-pef-on-protease-and-antioxidant-activity-of-selenium-modified-fibrinolytic-enzyme-nattokinase-produced-by-bacillus-natto-cells/
Copyright © 2019
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0