Efficacy of Microbial Biopesticide Formulations in the control of Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaeindicae in Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Cote D’ivoire
Paper Details
Efficacy of Microbial Biopesticide Formulations in the control of Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaeindicae in Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Cote D’ivoire
Abstract
The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) occupies an important place in the world because of its cashew nut. However, its cultivation is confronted with bacteriosis, a bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaeindicae. This disease is one of the main causes of the low yield per hectare of cashew nuts, which fluctuates between 350 and 500 kg/ha. In view of this, it is wise to find ways of controlling this disease. It is in this context the objective of this work was to produce bio-formulations based on bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of cashew trees, in order to evaluate their effectiveness on the growth of the agent responsible for cashew bacteriosis (Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaeindicae). Thus, two liquid formulations were made from Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis isolated from the rhizosphere of cashew. Stability, in vitro antagonism and biocontrol tests against Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaeindicae were performed. The results obtained showed an inhibition of the Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaeindicae bacterium with inhibition zones of 8.13 ± 2.1 and 25.20 ± 3.9 mm in diameter respectively for the products formulated with Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens. In biocontrol tests, both formulated products showed their ability to protect cashew plants against bacterial blight with reduction rates of 80.95 ± 2.3 % and 73.80 ± 5.2% for the Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis formulations, respectively. These two formulations of bacterial, once tested in cashew plantations, could be used in the biological control of cashew bacterial blight in Côte d’Ivoire.
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