Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in outpatients among Mongo communities, Chad
Paper Details
Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in outpatients among Mongo communities, Chad
Abstract
In recent years, the world has seen a surge in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing-bacteria. However, data on the dissemination of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the community is not available in Chad. This study aims to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in fecal carriage from outpatients. From September 2017 to February 2018, 102 stools samples collected were sent at IRED. All stool samples were seeded onto Mac Conkey agar plates supplemented with cefotaxim (CTX, 2μg/mL), subjected to standard bacteriological method for isolation and characterization. Susceptibility to antibiotics was tested according to Kirby Bauer disk methods in respect to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, 2014). Out of the 102 samples investigated, 53 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli strains (84.9%) and K. pneumoniae (15.1%).Moreover, among the 53 strains, 33 (62.3%) belonged to extended spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL) group. The maximum resistance were observed with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (82, 22%-87, 5%), nalidixic acid (93, 33%-100%), ciprofloxacin (71, 11%-75%), and gentamicin (80.00%-87.5%). K. pneumonia resistance to fosfomycin was significant (P = 0.011) than E. coli. Mostly isolates tested were sensitive to imipenem. This result shows the high rate of ESBLs-producing isolates among outpatients in the community of Mongo. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance needs to be implemented in Chad to tailor interventions targeted at stopping the dissemination of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae.
Ahmed K, Raja I, Hussain I, Jan M, Nafees M, Jahan Z, Javeed M, Shah G, Latif A. 2014. Prevalence of Escherichia coli in suspected urinary tract infected patients and their sensitivity pattern against various Escherichia coli in suspected urinary tract infected patients and their sensitivity pattern against various antibiotics in Gilgit-Baltistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 46, 1783-1788.
Ali A, Sani O, Moumouni A, Zanguina J, Soussou A, Testa J, Halima BH. 2017. Antimicrobial status of salmonella meningitis in Niger. International Journal of Microbiology and Mycology 6(2), 1-6.
Andriatahina T, Randrianirina F, Ratsima – Hariniana E, Talarmin A, Raobijaona H, Buisson Y, Richard V. 2010. High prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a pediatric unit in Madagascar. BMC Infectious disease 10, 204.
Bagré TS, Samandoulougou S, Traoré M, Illy D, Bsadjo G, Tchamba, Hadiza BI, Bouda SC, Traoré AS, Barro N. 2015. Détection biologique des résidus d’antibiotiques dans le lait et produits laitiers de vache consommés à Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Journal of Applied Biosciences 87, 8105-8112.
Bauer AW, Kirby WM, Sherris JC, Turck M. 1966. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 45(4), 493-496.
Bessimbaye N, Abdelsalam T, Guelmbaye N, Clement KH, Nicolas B. 2015. Prevalence Multi-Resistant Bacteria in Hospital N’djamena, Chad.Chemo Open Access 4, 4.
Bou G, Cartelle M, Tomas M, Canle D, Molina F, MoureR, Eiros JM, Guerrero A. 2002. Identification and broad dissemination of the CTX-M-14 b-lactamase-lactamase in different Escherichia coli strains in the northwest area of Spain. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 40, 4030-4036.
Canton R, Novaisa A, ValverdeA, Machado E, Peixe L, Baquero F, Coque TM. 2008. Prevalence and spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 14(1), 144-153.
El Bouamri MC, Arsalane L, Kamouni Y, Yahyaoui H, Bennouar N, Berraha M, Zouhair S. 2014.Profil actuel de résistance aux antibiotiques des souches de Escherichia coli uropathogènes et conséquences thérapeutiques. Progrès en Urologie 24(16), 1058-1062.
European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). 2014. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 2.0, valid from 01-01, pp. 1-8.
Guessennd N, Bremont S, Gbonon V, Kacou N, Douba E. Ekaza E, Lambert T, Dosso M, Courvalin P. 2008. Résistance aux quinolones de type qnr chez les entérobactéries productrices de bêta-lactamases à spectre élargi à Abidjan en Côte d’Ivoire. Pathologie Biologie 8, 439-446.
Ibrahim ME, Bilal NE, Magzoub MA, Hamid ME. 2013. Prevalence of Extended-spectrum β-Lactamases-producing Escherichia coli from Hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan. Oman Medical Journal 28(2), 116-120.
Iroha IR, Ezeifeka ES, Amadi ES, Umewurike CR. 2009. Occurrence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Clinical Isolates and Associated Risk Factors. Research Journal of Biological Sciences 4, 588-592.
Isendahl J, Turlej-Rogacka A, Manjuba C, Rodrigues A, Giske CG, Naucle P. 2012. Fecal carriage of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in children in Guinea-Bissau: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. PLoS One 7(12), e51981.
Jarlier V, Nicolas, MH, Fournier G, Philippon A. 1988. Extended broad-spectrumβ-lactamases conferring transferable resistance to newer β-lactam agents in Enterobacteriaceae, Hospital prevalence and susceptibility patterns. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 10, 867-878.
Levy SB, Marshall B. 2004. Antibacterial resistance worldwide: causes, challenges and responses. Nature Medécine 10, 122-129.
Linefiene L, Tankoano A, Fissou HY, Somda NS, Oumar O, Traore Y, Savadogo A. 2017. Prévalence et sensibilité aux antibiotiques des souches de Escherichia coli diarrhéiques chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans au Tchad. Revue de Microbiologie Industrielle Sanitaire et Environnementale 11(1), 16-30.
Livermore D. 2012. Current Epidemiology and Growing Resistance of Gram-Negative Pathogens. Korean Journal of Internal Medecine 27, 128-142.
Ndoutamia G, Fissou HY, Bessimbaye N. 2015. Antimicrobial Resistance in Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from Human Urinary tract at the Mother and Child Hospital in Ndjamena, Chad. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 9(11), 776-780.
Ndoutamia G, Fissou HY, Nadjilem D, Gatsing D. 2017. Perception, knowledge and use of antibiotic among communities in Chad.African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 11(20), 260-265.
Olowe OA, Grobbel M, Büchter B, Lübke-Becker A, Fruth A, Wieler LH. 2010. Detection of bla (CTX-M-15) extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli from hospital patients in Nigeria. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 35(2), 206-207.
Ouédraogo AS, Jean Pierre H, Banyuls AL, Ouedraogo R. Godreuil S. 2017. Facteurs favorisants et évaluation de la menace Emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in West Africa: contributing factors and threat assessment. Médecine et Santé Tropicales 27, 147-154.
Riaz S, Faisal M, Hasnain S. 2012. Prevalence and comparison of β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp from clinical and environmental sources in Lahore, Pakistan. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 6, 465-470.
Rodríguez-Baño J, Navarro MD, Romero L, Martínez-Martínez L, Muniain MA, Perea EJ, Pérez-Cano R, Pascual A. 2004. Epidemiology and clinical features of infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in non hospitalised patients. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 42(3), 1089-1094.
Tande D, Jallot N, Bougoudogo F, Montagnon T, Gouriou S, Sizun J. 2009. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a Malian orphanage. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 15(3), 472-474.
Thenmozhi S, Moorthy K, Sureshkumar BT, Suresh M. 2014. Antibiotic Resistance Mechanism of ESBL Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Clinical Field: A Review. Int. J. Pure. App. Biosci 2(3), 207-226.
Villegas MV, Blanco MG, Sifuentes – Osornio J, Rossi F. 2011. Increasing prevalence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase among Gram-negative bacilli in Latin America- 2008 update from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART). Braz. J. Infect. Dis. 15(1), 34-39.
Yandaï FH, Zongo C, Moussa AM, Bessimbaye N, Tapsoba F, Savadogo A, Barro N, Ndoutamia G, Traoré AS. 2014. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli at the “Hôpital de la Mèreet de L’Enfant” in N’Djamena, Chad. Scientific Journal of Microbiology 3(2), 25-31.
F. H. Yandai, G. Ndoutamia, B. N. Ngandolo, N. Bessimbaye, N. Barro (2019), Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in outpatients among Mongo communities, Chad; IJMM, V9, N1, April, P1-7
https://innspub.net/fecal-carriage-of-extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing-escherichia-coli-and-klebsiella-pneumoniae-in-outpatients-among-mongo-communities-chad/
Copyright © 2019
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0