Monthly and annual changes of forage production and consumption of Cymbopogon olivieri (Boiss) Bor., Case study: Jevengane Genou-Hormozgan Province, Iran
Paper Details
Monthly and annual changes of forage production and consumption of Cymbopogon olivieri (Boiss) Bor., Case study: Jevengane Genou-Hormozgan Province, Iran
Abstract
Forage production in rangelands differs at different times of the grazing season and also in the same months of different years. In the present, grazing capacity is calculated for one time during the grazing season which coincides with the maximum growth of rangeland species. This causes more livestock entry in to the rangeland during the grazing season and consequently more degradation is occurred. Since it is not possible to measure the range production during the grazing season each year, therefore, it is necessary to measure it during the months of grazing season in a few years and, based on it, the long-term grazing capacity of key range species could be calculated. The aim of this study was to determine the seasonal changes of forage production and consumption of Cymbopogon olivieri during the growing season in different years. This research was performed for four years in the vegetation type of Gymnocarpos decander–Euphorbia larica, in Jevengane region of Genou, located at an altitude of 265 meters above sea level and 40 km From Bandar Abbas in south of Iran. For this purpose, the production of this species was measured in a one-hectare exclosure with one month intervals until the growth dormancy. The rest of production was measured outside the exclosure, and the amount of consumption was calculated by subtracting it from the production of inside the exclosure. The amount of forage production and consumption, after air-drying, were analyzed by SAS software. Results showed that, due to the high variability of monthly and annual rainfall in the region, forage production and consumption of Cymbopogon olivieri showed significant differences at the 1% level.
Akbarzadeh M. 2005. Investigation on vegetation changes in and out of the enclosure, in Roode shoor area, Journal of Range and Desert Research 12, 167-188. (in Persian).
Arzani H. 1994. Some aspect of estimating short term and long term rangeland carrying capacity in the western division of new south wales. Ph.D.thesis. University of new south wales. Australia.
Baghestani-Meybodi N, Zarae MT. 2007. Investigation the relationship between annual rainfall and forage production. In Poshtkuh steppe rangelands of Yazd province. Journal of Pajouhesh & Sazandegi 75, 38- 49. (in Persian).
Baghestani-Meybodi N. 2006. Time and utilization rate of arid rangelands due to precipitation. Journal of Forest and Range 71, 34-39. (in Persian).
Baghestani-Meybodi N, Zarae MT, Mirjalili HR. 2006. Investigation on seasonal and annual fluctuations of the forage production in steppe rangeland of the Yazd province. Bulletin of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 4(1), 15-29. (in Persian).
Durrani MJ, Hussain F, Rehman S. 2005. Ecological characteristics of plants of Harboi rangeland, Kalat, Balochistan. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 13, 130-138.
Ehsani A, Arzani H, Farahpoor M, Ahmadi H, Jafari M, Jalili A, Mirdawoodi HR, Abbasi HM, Azimi M. 2007. The effect of climatic conditions on forage production in the steppe region of Akhtar Abad Save. Journal of Range and Desert Research 14(2), 294-260. (in Persian).
Fetcher N, Trlica MJ. 1980. Influence of climate on annual production of seven cold desert forage species. Journal of Range Management 33, 35-37.
Filehkesh S, Ardakani A, Sadati y, Alavimoghaddam J. 2009. Evaluation of forage production in desert Range lands of Sabzevar. Abstracts of the Fourth National Conference on Range and Range management, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, 251 p. (in Persian).
Humphrey RR. 1962. Range Ecology, the Ronald press company. New York. 234 p.
Karimi AH, Baghestani-Meybodi N, Samadi MB, Rahbar A. 2007. Effectiveness of enclosure on the range condition and trend range condition of natural range lands in different ecological area in Yazd province. Final report of research project of research center of agricultural and natural resources of Yazd province. 60p(in Farsi).
Moghaddam MR. 1998. Range and Range management.Tehran University Press, Tehran: 470 p. (in Persian).
Mozffarian VA. 1996. Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names. Tehran: Farhang Moaser, 172 p. (in Persian).
Omar SAS. 1990. Influence of precipitation on vegetation in the rangelands of Kuwait. Proceeding of the second international conference on Range management in the Persion Gulf. Kuwait. 126-138.
Retzer V, Nadrowski K, Miehe G. 2006. Variation of precipitation and its effects on phytomass production and consumption by livestock and large wild herbivores along an altitudinal gradient during a drought, South Gobi, Mongolia, Journal of arid environments 66, 135-150.
Routh LR, Krueger WC. 1982.Cattle grazing and behavior on a forested range. J. Range Management 48(4), 314-321.
Sanadgol AA. 20002. Investigation on the effects of systems and intensities of grazing on soil, plant and livestock in pasture of Bromus tomentellus. PhD thesis in range sciences, College of Natural Resources, University of the Tehran. 250p. (in Persian).
Sharrow SH. 2007. Soil Compaction by grazing livestock in silvopastures as evidenced by changes in soil physical properties. Agroforestry Systems 71, 215-223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-007-9083-4
Torkan J, Arzani H. 2002. Investigation the relationship between balance of animal and range land with Forage quality. Journal of Range and Desert Research 8(1). (in Persian).
Zadbar M, Arzani H, Azimi M, Naceri S. 2009. Relationship between production and coverage of rangeland with annual rainfall, in semi-steppe sites in the Ghoochan( North East of Iran). Abstracts of the Fourth National Congress on Range and Range management, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, 59 p. (in Persian).
Kian Najafi Tireh Shabankareh, Ehsan Zandi Esfahan, Mahdi Ramezani (2013), Monthly and annual changes of forage production and consumption of Cymbopogon olivieri (Boiss) Bor., Case study: Jevengane Genou-Hormozgan Province, Iran; IJB, V3, N11, November, P20-27
https://innspub.net/monthly-and-annual-changes-of-forage-production-and-consumption-of-cymbopogon-olivieri-boiss-bor-case-study-jevengane-genou-hormozgan-province-iran/
Copyright © 2013
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0