Role of probiotics and their mode of action in aquaculture: A review
Paper Details
Role of probiotics and their mode of action in aquaculture: A review
Abstract
The extensive and discriminate practice of antibiotics has affected severe biological and ecological problems, mainly the development of antibiotic resistance. Probiotics, known to be beneficial, non-pathological microbes, are being suggested as an adequate and eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics. More than three decades ago probiotics are first used in aquaculture farming, but the effective application had been given only in the recent years. Different probiotics have been identified and used in aquaculture and many of them are observed as host origin. Alternatives used for aquaculture (antibiotics) up to now have a unilateral mode of action, whereas an indefinite number of potential probiotics has multiple modes of action conferring various health benefits to the host. Recent studies suggest that a number of probiotic research publications in aquaculture focus on disease resistant and health-promoting alternatives and immune development for cultured fish and shrimps. This paper gives updated information on the use of probiotics in aquaculture farming specially targeted on the mechanism of action. It analyzes the enhancement of immune responses, antibacterial, antifungal, the antiviral activity of probiotic microbes, and water quality management in farming and inhibitory metabolites.
Adams CA. 2010. The probiotic paradox: live and dead cells are biological response modifiers. Nutrition Research Review 23, 37-46.
Alexander JB, Ingram GA. 1992. Noncellular nonspecific defense mechanisms of fish. Annual Review of Fish Diseases 2, 249-279.
Aly SM, Abd-El-Rahman AM, John G, Mohamed MF. 2008a. Studies on Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, as potential probiotics, on the immune response and resistance of Tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus) to challenge infections. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 25(1-2), 128-136.
Aly SM, Abd-El-Rahman AM, John G, Mohamed MF. 2008b. Characterization of some bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus and their potential use as probiotics. Aquaculture 277(1-2), 1-6.
Andlid T, Vazquez-Juarez RV, Gustafsson L. 1995. Yeast colonizing the intestine of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Microbial Ecology 30, 321-334.
Austin B, Baudet E, Stobie M. 1992. Inhibition of bacterial fish pathogens by Tetraselmis suecica. Journal of Fish Diseases 15, 55-61.
Austin B, Stuckey L, Robertson P, Effendi I, Griffith D. 1995.A probiotic strain of Vibrio alginolyticus effective in reducing diseases caused by Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio ordalii. Journal of Fish Diseases 18, 93-96.
Bachere E. 2000. Introduction: shrimp immunity and disease control. Aquaculture 191, 3-11.
Bagheri T, Hedayati SA, Yavari V, Alizade M, Farzanfar A. 2008. Growth, survival and gut microbial load of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) fry given diet supplemented with probiotic during the two months of first feeding. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 8(1), 43-48.
Balcazar JL, de Blas I, Ruiz-Zarzuela I, Cunningham D, Vendrell D, Muzquiz JL. 2006. The role of probiotics in aquaculture. Veterinary Microbiology 114, 173-186.
Balcazar JL, de Blas I, Ruiz-Zarzuela I, Vendrell D, Calvo AC, Márquez I. 2007b. Changes in intestinal microbiota and humoral immune response following probiotic administration in brown trout (Salmo trutta). British Journal of Nutrition 97(3), 522-527.
Balcazar JL, de Blas I, Ruiz-Zarzuela I, Vendrell D, Muzquiz JL. 2004. Probiotics: a tool for the future of fish and shellfish health management. Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics 19, 239-242.
Balcazar JL, Rojas-Luna T, Cunningham DP. 2007. Effect of the addition of four potential probiotic strains on the survival of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) following immersion challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 96(2), 147-150.
Balcazar JL, Vendrell D, de Blas I, Ruiz-Zarzuela I, Girones O, Muzquiz JL. 2008. In vitro competitive adhesion and production of antagonistic compounds by lactic acid bacteria against fish pathogens. Veterinary Microbiology 122(3-4), 373-380.
Balcazar JL. 2003. Evaluation of probiotic bacterial strains in Litopenaeus vannamei. Final Report. National Center for Marine and Aquaculture Research. Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Brown M. 2011. Modes of action of probiotics: resent developments. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 10(14), 1895-1900.
Carnevali O, De Vivo L, Sulpizio R, Gioacchini G, Olivotto Iand Silvi S. 2006. Growth improvement by probiotic in European sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), with particular attention to IGF-1, myostatin and cortisol gene expression. Aquaculture 258 (1-4), 430-438.
Chang CI, Liu WY. 2002. An evaluation of two probiotic bacterial strains, Enterococcus faecium SF68 and Bacillus toyoi, for reducing edwardsiellosis in cultured European eel, Anguilla anguilla L. Journal of Fish Diseases 25, 311-315.
Dall W, Moriarty DJW. 1983. Functional aspects of nutrition and digestion. In: Mantel LH, editor. The Biology of Crustacea, Internal Anatomy and Physiological Regulation. Academic Press, New York 5, 215-261.
Dalmin G, Kathiresan K, Purushothaman A. 2001. Effect of probiotics on bacterial population and health status of shrimp in culture pond ecosystem. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 39, 939-42.
Dhanasekaran D, Saha S, Thajuddin N, Panneerselvam A. 2008. Probiotic effect of Lactobacillus isolates against bacterial pathogens in Clariasorientalis. Medicine Biology 15(3), 97-102.
Direkbusarakom S, Yoshimizu M, Ezura Y, Ruangpan L, Danayadol Y. 1998. Vibrio spp. the dominant flora in shrimp hatchery against some fish pathogenic viruses. Journal of marine Biotechnology 6(4), 266-267.
El-Haroun ER, Goda AMAS, Kabir CMA. 2006. Effect of dietary probiotic Biogens supplementation as a growth promoter on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquaculture Research 37, 1473-1480.
FAO/WHO. 2001. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotics in Food including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. FAO/WHO.
Fuller R. 1989. A review: probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 66, 365-378.
Garriques D, Arevalo G. 1995. An evaluation of the production and use of a live bacterial isolate to manipulate the microbial flora in the commercial production of Penaeus vannamei postlarvae in Ecuador. In: Browdy CL, Hopkins JS. (Eds.), Swimming through troubled water. Proceedings of the Special Session on Shrimp Farming, Aquaculture ’95. Baton Rouge, World Aquaculture Society 53-59.
Gatesoupe FJ. 1999. The use of probiotics in aquaculture. Aquaculture 180(1-2), 147-165.
Gatesoupe FJ. 1991. The Use of Probiotics in Fish Hatcheries: Results and Prospect. ICES, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Gatesoupe FJ. 2002. Probiotic and formaldehyde treatments of Artemia nauplii as food for larval Pollack Pollachius pollachius. Aquaculture 212(1-4), 347-360.
Geng X, Dong XH, Tan BP, Yang QH, Chi SY, Liu HY, Liu XQ. 2012. Effects of dietary probiotic on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and disease resistance of cobia, Rachycentron canadum. Aquaculture Nutrition 18, 46-55.
Ghosh S, Sinha A, Sahu C. 2008. Dietary probiotic supplementation in growth and health of live bearing ornamental fishes. Aquaculture Nutrition 14(4), 289-99.
Gibson LF. 1999. Bacteriocin activity and probiotic activity of Aeromonas media. Journal of Applied Microbiology 85, 243-248.
Gildberg A, Mikkelsen H, Sandaker E, Ringø E. 1997. Probiotic effect of lactic acid bacteria in the feed on growth and survival of fry of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Hydrobiologia 352, 279-285.
Girones R, Jofre JT, Bosch A. 1989. Isolation of marine bacteria with antiviral properties. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35, 1015-1021.
Gomez-Gil B, Roque A, Tumbull JF. 2000. The use and selection of probiotic bacteria for use in the culture of larval aquatic organisms. Aquaculture 191, 259-270.
Gram L, Melchiorsen J, Spanggaard B, Huber I, Nielsen T. 1999. Inhibition of Vibrio anguillarum by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain AH2, a possible probiotic treatment of fish. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, 969-973.
Guarner F, Schaafsma GJ. 1998. Probiotics. International Journal of Food Microbiology 39(3), 237-238.
Gullian M, Rodrı´guez J. 2002. Immunostimulant qualities of probiotic bacteria. Global Aquaculture Advocate 5, 52-54.
Gullian M, Thompson F, Rodriguez J. 2004. Selection of probiotic bacteria and study of their immune stimulatory effect in Penaeus vannamei. Aquaculture 233, 1-14.
Gunther J, Jimenez-Montealegre R. 2004.Effect of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis on the growth and food utilization of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) under laboratory conditions. Revista de Biologia Tropical 52(4), 937-943.
Hai NV, Fotedar R. 2009. Comparison of the effects of the prebiotics (Bio-Mos_and [beta]-1,3-D-glucan) and the customised probiotics (Pseudomonas synxantha and P. aeruginosa) on the culture of juvenile western king prawns (Penaeus latisulcatus Kishinouye, 1896). Aquaculture 289, 310-316.
Havenaar R, Huis I. 1992. The Lactic Acid Bacteria in Health and Disease. Edited by B. J. B. Wood, Elsevier. New York. NY. USA 1.
Hidalgo MCA, Abellan SE, Arizcun M, Cardenete G. 2006. Dietary intake of probiotics and maslinic acid in juvenile dentex (Dentex dentex L.) : effects on growth performance, survival and liver proteolytic activities. Aquaculture Nutrition 12(4), 256-266.
Irianto A, Austin B. 2002. Use of probiotics to control furunculosis in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Journal of Fish Diseases 25, 333-342.
Irianto A, Austin B. 2002a. Use of probiotics to control furunculosis in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Journal of Fish Diseases 25, 1-10.
Kamei Y, Yoshimizu M, Ezura Y, Kimura T. 1988. Screening of bacteria with antiviral activity from fresh water salmonid hatcheries. Microbiology and Immunology 32, 67-73.
Keysami MA, Saad CR, Sijam K, Daud HM, Alimon AR. 2007. Effect of Bacillus subtilis on growth development and survival of larvae Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man). Aquaculture Nutrition 13(2), 131-136.
Kim DH, Austin B. 2008. Characterization of probiotic carnobacteria isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestine. Letters in Applied Microbiology 47(3), 141-147.
Kumar R, Mukherjee SC, Prasad KP, Pal AK. 2006. Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis as a probiotic to Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham.). Aquaculture Research 37(12), 1215-1221.
Lakshmi B, Viswanath B, SaiGopal DVR. 2013. Probiotics as antiviral agents in shrimp aquaculture. Journal of Pathogens 2013, 1-13.
Lara-Flores M, MOlvera-Novoa MA, Guzman-Mendez BE, Lopez-Madrid W. 2003. Use of the bacteria Streptococcus faecium and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as growth promoters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture 216, 193-201.
Lategan MJ, Booth W, Shimmon R, Gibson LF. 2006. An inhibitory substance produced by Aeromonas media A199, an aquatic probiotic. Aquaculture 254, 115-124.
Lategan MJ, Gibson LF. 2003. Antagonistic activity of Aeromonas media strain A199 against Saprolegnia sp., an opportunistic pathogen of the eel, Anguilla australis Richardson. Journal of Fish Diseases 26, 147-53.
Lategan MJ, Torpy FR, Gibson LF. 2004. Control of saprolegniosis in the eel Anguilla australis Richardson, by Aeromonas media strain A199. Aquaculture 240(1-4), 19-27.
Lazado CC, Caipang CM, Estante EG. 2015. Prospects of hostassociated microorganisms in fish and penaeids as probiotics with immunomodulatory functions. Fish Shellfish Immunology 45(1), 212.
Lazado CC, Caipang CMA, Brinchmann MF, Kiron V. 2011. In vitro adherence of two candidate probiotics from Atlantic cod and their interference with the adhesion of two pathogenic bacteria. Veterinary Microbiology 148, 252-259.
Lee K, Salminen S. 2009. Handbook of Probiotics and Prebiotics.2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
Li J, Tan B, Mai K, Ai Q, Zhang W, Xu W, Liufu Z, Ma H. 2006. Comparative study between probiotic bacterium Arthrobacter XE-7 and chloramphenicol on protection of Penaeus chinensis post-larvae from pathogenic vibrios. Aquaculture 253, 140-147.
Li Peng, Delbert M, Gatlin III. 2005. Evaluation of the prebiotic GroBiotic1-A and brewer’s yeast as dietary supplements for sub-adult hybrid striped bass (Moronechrysops M. saxatilis) challenged in situ with Mycobacterium marinum. Aquaculture 248(1-4), 197-205.
Lilley DM, Stillwell RH. 1965. Probiotics: growth promoting factors produced by microorganisms. Science 147, 747-748.
Makridis P, Martins S, Vercauteren T, Van Driessche K, Decamp O, Dinis MT. 2005. Evaluation of candidate probiotic strains for gilthead sea bream larvae (Sparus aurata) using an in vivo approach. Letters in Applied Microbiology 40(4), 274-277.
Metchnikoff E. 1908. The Prolongation of Life. CP Putnam and Sons, New York.
Moosavi-Nasab M, Abedi E, Moosavi-Nasab S, Eskandari MH. 2014. Inhibitory effect of isolated lactic acid bacteria from Scomberomorus commerson intestines and their bacteriocins on Listeria innocua. Iran Agriculture Research 33(1), 43-52.
Moriarty D. 1997. The role of microorganisms in aquaculture ponds. Aquaculture 151, 333-349.
Moriarty DJW. 1998. Control of luminous Vibrio species in penaeid aquaculture ponds. Aquaculture 164, 351-358.
Newaj-Fyzul A, Adesiyun AA, Mutani A, Ramsubhag A, Brunt J, Austin B. 2007. Bacillus subtilis AB1 controls Aeromonas infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum). Journal of Applied Microbiology 103(5), 1699-1706.
Newaj-Fyzul A, Austin B. 2014. Probiotics, immunostimulants, plant products and oral vaccines, and their role as feed supplements in the control of bacterial fish diseases. Journal of Fish Disease 14, 12313-12318.
Nogami K, Hamasaki K, Maeda M, Hirayama K. 1997. Biocontrol method in aquaculture for rearing the swimming crab larvae Portunus trituberculatus. Hydrobiologia 358, 291-295.
Oyetayo VO. 2004. Short communication: Phenotypic characterisation and assessment of the inhibitory potential of Lactobacillus isolates from different sources. African Journal of Biotechnology 3(7), 355-357.
Pan X, Wu T, Zhang L, Song Z, Tang H, Zhao Z. 2008a. In vitro evaluation on adherence and antimicrobial properties of a candidate probiotic Clostridium butyricum CB2 for farmed fish. Journal of Applied Microbiology 105(5), 1623-1629.
Panigrahi A, Azad IS. 2007. Microbial intervention for better fish health in aquaculture: the Indian scenario. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 33, 429-440.
Parker RB. 1974. Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotics story. Animal Nutrition Health 29, 4-8.
Prieur G, Nicolas JL, Plusquellec A, Vigneulle M. 1990. Interactions between bivalves molluscs and bacteria in the marine environment. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 28, 227-352.
Queiroz F, Boyd C. 1998. Effects of a bacterial inoculum in channel catfish ponds. Journal of World Aquaculture Society 29, 67-73.
Ramakrishnan CM, Haniffa MA, Manohar M, Dhanaraj M, Arockiaraj AJ, Seetharaman S. 2008. Effects of probiotics and spirulina on survival and growth of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Israeli Journal of Aquaculture/ Bamidgeh 60(2), 128-133.
Ravi AV, Musthafa KS, Jegathammbal G, Kathiresan K, Pandian SK. 2007. Screening and evaluation of probiotics as a biocontrol agent against pathogenic Vibrios in marine aquaculture. Letters in Applied Microbiology 45(2), 219-223.
Rekiel A, Wiecek J, Bielecki W, Gajewska J, Cichowicz M, Kulisiewicz J, Batorska M, Roszkowski T. 2007. Effect of addition of feed antibiotic flavomycin or prebiotic BIO MOS on production results of fatteners, blood biochemical parameters, morphometric indices of intestine and composition of microflora. Archives Animal Biology 50, 172-180.
Rengpipat S, Rukpratanporn S, Piyatiratitivorakul S, Menasaveta P. 2000. Immunity enhancement in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) by a probiont bacterium (Bacillus S11). Aquaculture 191, 271-288.
Ringo E, Strom E, Tabacheck J. 1995. Intestinal microflora of salmonids: a review. Aquaculture Research 26, 773-789.
Sakai M. 1999. Current research status of fish immunostimulants. Aquaculture 172, 63-92.
Sakat T. 1990. Microflora in the digestive tract of fish and shellfish. In: Lesel R, editor. Microbiology in Poecilotherms. Elsevier, Amsterdam 171-176.
Salminen S, Isolauri E, Salminen E. 1996. Clinical uses of probiotics for stabilizing the gut mucosal barrier: successful strains for future challenges. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 70, 347-358.
Salminen S, Ouwehand AC, Benno Y, Lee YK. 1999. Probiotics: how should they be defined. Trends in Food Science and Technology 10, 107-110.
SCAN. 2003. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Animal Nutrition on the criteria for assessing the safety of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics of human clinical and veterinary importance, European Commission Health and Consumer Protection Directorate-General.
Scholz U, Garcia-Diaz G, Ricque D, Cruz-Suarez LE, Vargas- Albores F, Latchford L. 1999. Enhancement of vibriosis resistance in juvenile Penaeus vannamei by supplementation of diets with different yeast products. Aquaculture 176, 271-283.
Selvaraj V, Sampath K, Sekar V. 2005. Administration of yeast glucan enhances survival and some non-specific and specific immune parameters in carp (Cyprinus carpio) infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 19, 293-306.
Servin A. 2004. Antagonistic activities of lactobacilli and bifido bacteria against microbial pathogens. Microbiology Review 28, 405-440.
Skjermo J, Vadstein O. 1999. Techniques for microbial control in the intensive rearing of marine larvae. Aquaculture 177, 333-343.
Sperti GS. 1971. Probiotics. AviPublishing. West Point. Miss. USA.
Suzer C, Coban D, Kamaci HO, Saka S, Firat K, Otgucuoglu O. 2008. Lactobacillus spp. bacteria as probiotics in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.) larvae: effects on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities. Aquaculture 280(1-4), 140-145.
Talpur AD, Munir MB, Mary A, Hashim R. 2014. Dietary probiotics and prebiotics improved food acceptability, growth performance, haematology and immunological parameters and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in snakehead (Channa striata) fingerlings. Aquaculture 426-427, 14-20.
Tinh NTN, Dierckens K, Sorgeloos P, Bossier P. 2007. A review of the functionality of probiotics in the larviculture food chain. Marine Biotechnology 10, 1-12.
Tuan TN, Duc PM, Hatai K. 2013. Overview of the use of probiotics in aquaculture. International Journal of Research Fish Aquaculture 3(3), 89-97.
Vaseeharan B, Ramasamy P. 2003. Control of pathogenic Vibrio spp. by Bacillus subtilis BT23, a possible probiotic treatment for black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. Letters in Applied Microbiology 36, 83-87.
Venkat HK, Sahu NP, Jain KK. 2004. Effect of feeding Lactobacillus-based probiotics on the gut microflora, growth and survival of postlarvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) Aquaculture Research 35 (5), 501-507.
Vijayan KK, Bright SIS, Jayaprakash NS, Alavandi SV, Somnath PS, Preetha R. 2006. A brackish water isolate of Pseudomonas PS-102, a potential antagonistic bacterium against pathogenic vibrios in penaeid and non-penaeid rearing systems. Aquaculture 251, 192-200.
Vine NG, Leuke WD, Kaiser H. 2004a. In vitro growth characteristics of five candidate aquaculture probiotics and two fish pathogens grown in fish intestinal mucus. FEMS Microbiology Letter 231, 145-152.
Wang X, Li H, Zhang X, Li Y, Ji W, Xu H. 2000. Microbial flora in the digestive tract of adult penaeid shrimp (Penaeus chinensis).Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao 30, 493-498.
Wen JH, Wang YB, Han JZ. 2008. Effect of probiotics-loaded Montmorillonite on water quality and growth performances of cultured allogynogenetic crucian carp. Fisheries Science/Shuichan Kexue 27(11), 557-560.
Zapata AA, Lara-Flores M. 2013. Antimicrobial activities of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) intestine. Journal of Biological Life Science 4(1), 123-129.
Zhou X, Wang Y, Yao J, Li W. 2010. Inhibition ability of lacticacid bacteria Lactococcuslactis, against A. hydrophila and study of its immunostimulatory effect in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 2(7), 73-80.
K. Rajyalakshmi, DSD Suman Joshi, M. Kishore Babu, Marwah Ali Oudah, A. Krishna Satya (2019), Role of probiotics and their mode of action in aquaculture: A review; IJB, V14, N2, February, P562-575
https://innspub.net/role-of-probiotics-and-their-mode-of-action-in-aquaculture-a-review/
Copyright © 2019
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0