Utilization of Moringa oleifera seeds for treatment of canal and industrial waste water – an alternative sustainable solution for developing countries
Paper Details
Utilization of Moringa oleifera seeds for treatment of canal and industrial waste water – an alternative sustainable solution for developing countries
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is low cost, easily available and environmentally friendly natural coagulant. This research project was initiated to investigate the performance of Moringa oleifera compared with that of aluminum sulfate Al2 (SO4)3 and alum for treatment of canal water and industrial wastewater. The results of canal water with seed kernel and 0.15 g Alum was found to have maximum reduction in turbidity and microbial load. Treatment of arsenic samples (25, 50, 75. 100 ppb) the dose rate of 0.2 g of seed kernel with sieve size 125 µm was found efficient as compared to 250 and 500 µm sieve size. For industrial waste water samples maximum chromium removal was found with 0.05 seed kernel that is 718.9 mg/L to 53.85 mg/L which is 92.51 %. However other metal like Ni, Cu and Zn was also showed the best result with dose rate of 0.05 g for 100 mL wastewater. It is concluded from result that M. oleifera was not as effective as universal coagulant like alum, magnesium oxide, ferric oxide etc. that can be used for treatment of turbid waters in developing countries. The main reasons for using natural coagulants are low cost, easily available, having low health risk and environmental friendly.
Armand S, Basocak V, Pauly G, McCaulley J. 2003. M. oleifera: an interesting source of active ingred-ients for skin and hair care, SOFW-Journal 129, 45–52.
Barth H. 1982. Trinkwasserauf bereitungmit samenvon Moringa oleifera lam, Chemiker-Zeitung p.106.
Bolto B, Gregory J. 2007. Organic polyelectrolytes in water treatment. Water research 41, 2301-2324.
Dixit S, Ali H. 2010. Antioxidant potential some medicinal plants of central India. Journal of Cancer Therapy 1, 87–90.
Fuglie LJ. 2001. The Miracle Tree. The Multiple Attributes of M., Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation.
Ghebremichael K, Abaliwano J, Amy G. 2009. Combined natural organic and synthetic inorganic coagulants for surface water treatment. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology AQUA 58, 267–276.
Jahn SAA. 1986. Proper Use of African Natural Coagulants for Rural Water Supplies: Research in the Sudan and a Guide for New Projects. Eschborn, Fed. Rep. Germany, GTZ.
Jeyanthi GP, Bhuvaneswari V, Hemaprabha J. 2004. Quality evaluation of potable water on treatment with selected medicinal plant products. Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 41, 187–197.
Makkar HPS, Becker K. 1996. Nutritional value and antinutritional components of whole and ethanol extracted. Moringa oliefera. Animal Feed Science and Technology 63, 211–228.
Muyibi SA, Evison LM. 1996. Coagulation of turbid water and softening of hard water with M. oleifera seeds. International Journal of Environmental Studies 49, 247–259.
Narasiah KS, Vogel A, Kramadhati NN. 2002. Coagulation of turbid waters using M. oleifera seeds from two distinct sources. Water Supply 2, 83–88.
Ndabigengesere KS, Narasiah. 1998. Use of M. oleifera seeds as a primary coagulant in wastewater treatment, Environmental Technology 19, 789–800.
Nkurunziza T, Nduwayezu JB, Banadda EN, Nhapi I. 2009. The effect of turbidity levels and M. oleifera concentration on the effectiveness of coagulation in water treatment. Water Science and Technology 59, 1551–1558.
Pritchard M, Craven T, Mkandawire T, Edmondson AS, Neill JG. 2010. A comparison between Moringa oleifera and chemical coagulants in the purification of drinking water–An alternative sustainable solution for developing countries. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 35, 798-805.
Sciban M, Klasnja K, Antov M. 2009. Removal of water turbidity by natural coagulants obtained from chestnut and acorn. Bioresource technology 100, 6639-6643.
Standard Methods. 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition, AWWA/APHA/WEF.
Farah Deeba, Naeem Abbas, Tahir Butt, Naz Imtiaz, Rauf Ahmed Khan, 2015. Utilization of Moringa oleifera seeds for treatment of canal and industrial waste water – an alternative sustainable solution for developing countries. J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 7(1), 54-60.
Copyright © 2015 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.