Anaerobic denitrification and biotechnological potentials of filamentous fungi isolated from coastal marine sediment
Paper Details
Anaerobic denitrification and biotechnological potentials of filamentous fungi isolated from coastal marine sediment
Abstract
The anaerobic denitrification, antibacterial and enzyme-producing potentials of filamentous fungi isolated from sediment collected from the coastal region of the Niger Delta in Bonny Island, Nigeria were investigated. The fungi were aerobically isolated using spread plate method on sterile acidified potato dextrose agar. The capability of isolates to survive under anoxic environment was assessed by incubating cultured plates in anaerobic jars. Four isolates were studied for growth and denitrifying capacity in mineral salts supplemented with nitrate, glucose and peptone for 14 days under anaerobic conditions. Agar diffusion assay was employed for antibacterial activity of isolates against fish and shellfish pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahaemolyticus). The isolates were screened for production of amylase, cellulase, protease and lipase using starch agar, cellulose agar, skim milk agar and tributyrin agar correspondingly. Twelve fungal isolates of the genera Fusarium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Acremonium and Trichoderma were isolated at different frequencies with Aspergillus predominating. A decrease in nitrate concentration and accumulation of nitrite and ammonia were observed at the end of the denitrification study. Nine fungal isolates (75%) were found active against the pathogens. The percentage composition of amylase, cellulase, protease and lipase producing strains were 83.3, 83.3, 75.0 and 66.7% respectively. The denitrification pattern and organic substrate degradation ability observed showed that fungi can play a role in nitrogen and carbon cycles occurring in marine sediment. The results also revealed that the indigenous multiple enzyme-producing fungi with antibacterial potential isolated in this study can be efficiently used for biotechnological applications.
APHA. 1998. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed. American Public Health Association. Washington DC, USA.
Ariole CN, Ihunwo HO, Ozuru CN. 2014a. Isolation of marine green alga-associated microorganisms and their antimicrobial activity against fish pathogenic Aeromonas strain. Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences 4(4), 3279-3286.
Ariole CN, Nwogu HA, Chuku PW. 2014b. Enzymatic Activities of Intestinal Bacteria Isolated from Farmed Clariasgariepinus. International Journal of Aquaculture 4(18), 108-112.
Bhakuni DS, Rawat DS. 2005. Bioactive Marine Natural Products. Springer: New York and Anamaya Publisher, New Delhi, India.
Bugni TS, Abbanat D, Bernan VS, Maiese WM, Greenstein M, Wagoner RMV, Ireland CM. 2000.Yanuthones: novel metabolites from a marine isolate of Aspergillus niger, J. Organic Chem 65, 7195-7200.
Burgaud G, Woehlke S, Redou V, Orsi W, Beaudoin D, Barbier G, Biddle JF, Edgcomb VP. 2013. Deciphering presence and activity of fungal communities in marine sediments using a model estuarine system. Aquatic Microbial Ecol 70, 45-62.
Catherine SJ, Raghukumar C. 2009. Anaerobic denitrification in fungi from the coastal marine sediments off Goa, India. Mycol Res 113, 100-9.
Clipson N, Otte M, Landy E. 2006. Biogeochemical roles of fungi in the marine and extreme habitats. In: Gadd GM, Ed. Fungi in biogeochemical cycle Cambridge University Press, New York 436-461.
Damare S, Raghukumar C, Muraleedharan UD, Raghukumar S. 2006a. Deep-sea fungi as a source of alkaline and cold- tolerant proteases, Enzy. And Microb. Technol 39, 172-181.
Damare S, Raghukumar C. Raghukumar S. 2006b. Fungi in deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Basin. Deep-Sea Res. I 53, 14-27.
DasS, Lyla PS, Khan SA. 2009. Filamentous fungal population and species diversity from the continental slope of Bay of Bengal, India. – Acta Oecologica 35, 269–279.
De Hoog GS, Guarro J, Gené J, Figueras MJ. 2000. Atlas of clinical fungi, 2nd ed. Central bureau voor Schimmel cultures, Utrecht.
Dreyfuss MM, Chapella IH. 1994. Potential of fungi in the discovery of novel, low-molecular weight pharmaceuticals. In: Gullo VP, ed. The discovery of natural products with therapeutic potential, Butterworth –Heinemann, Boston, 49-80.
Falch EA. 1991. Industrial enzymes – developments in production and application, Biotechnol. Adv 9, 643-658.
Fell JW, Newell SY. 1998. Biochemical and molecular methods for the study of marine fungi. In: Cooksey KE, ed. Molecular approaches to the study of the ocean. London, UK: Chapman and Hall 259–283.
Fenical W, Jensen PR. 1993. Marine micro-organisms: a new biomedical resource. In: Attaway DH, Zaborsky OR (eds) Marine biotechnol. Plenum Press, New York 1, 419-457.
Gallo ML, Seldes AM, Cabrera GM. 2004. Antibiotic long chain and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes from the culture of the marine fungus Cladosporium sp. Biochem. Syst. Ecol 32, 545-551.
Ghosh D, Saham I, Sana B, Mukherjee J. 2005. Marine Enzymes. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biot 96, 189-218.
Greben HA, Joubert LM, Tjatji MP, Whites HE, Botha A. 2007. Biological nitrate removal from synthetic wastewater using a fungal consortium in one stage bioreactors. Water SA 33, 285-290.
Hayatsu M, Tago K, Saito M. 2008. Various players in the nitrogen cycle: diversity and functions of the microorganisms involved in nitrification and denitrification. Soil Sci. Plant Nutri 54, 33-45.
Larone DH. 2011. Medically important fungi: A guide to identification. 5th ed. American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Press, Washington, DC, 485.
Maria GL, Sridhar KR, Raviraja NS. 2005. Antimicrobial and enzyme activity of mangrove endophytic fungi of southwest coast of India, J. Agricultural Technol I, 67-79.
Mathan S, Anton SA, Kumaran J, Prakash S. 2011. Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activity of Aspergillus protuberus SP1 Isolated from Marine Sediments of South Indian Coast. Chin. J. Nat. Med 94, 0286-0292.
Mathan S, Subramanian V, Nagamony S, Ganapathy K. 2013. Isolation of endophytic fungi from marine algae and its bioactivity, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci 4(1), 45-49.
Mouton M, Postma F, Wilsenach J, Botha A. 2012. Diversity and characterization of culturable fungi from marine sediment collected from St. Helena Bay, South Africa. Microbial Ecology 64, 311-319.
Muffler K, Sana B, Mukherjee J, Ulber R. 2015. Marine Enzymes- Production & Applications. In: Se- Kwon Kim, Ed. Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology. Part B, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg 413-429.
Pai SC, Gong GC, Liu KK. 1993. Determination of dissolved oxygen in seawater by direct spectrophotometry of total iodine. Marine Chemistry 41, 343-351.
Parvatkar R, Souza C, Tripathi A, Naik CG. 2009. Aspemolides A and B, butenolides from a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus, Phytochem 70, 128-132.
Pindi PK. 2012. Diversity of fungi at various depths of marine water. Research in Biotechnology 3, 62-66.
Pivkin MV, Kuznetsova TA, Sova VV. 2006. Marine fungi and their metabolites: Dalnauka: Vladivostok 133.
Raghukumar C, Raghukumar S, Sheelu G, Gupta SM, Nagender NB, Rao BR. 2004. Buried in time: culturable fungi in a deep-sea sediment core from the Chagos Trench, Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. Part-I 51, 1759–1768.
Ronald J, Laughlin R. 2002. Evidence for fungal dominance of denitrification and codenitrification in a grassland soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 66, 1540-1548.
Samson RA, De Boer E. 1995. Introduction to food-borne fungi, 4th rev. ed. Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Central bureauvoor Schimmel cultures, Baarn 322.
Samuel P, Prince L, Prabakaran P. 2011. Antibacterial Activity of Marine derived Fungi Collected from South East Coast of Tamilnadu. India. J. Microbiol. Biotech. Res 1(4), 86-94.
Shoun H, Kim DH, Uchiyama H, Sugiyama J. 1992. Denitrifcation by fungi. FEMS Microbiology Letters 94, 277-282.
Simonato F, Campanaro S, Lauro FM, Vezzi A, D’Angelo M, Vitulo N, Valle G, Bartlett DH. 2006. Piezophilic adaptation: a genomic point of view. J. of Biotechnol 126(1), 11-25.
Singh P, Raghukumar C, Verma P, Shouche Y. 2011. Fungal community analysis in the deep-sea sediments of the central Indian basin by culture-independent approach, Microbial Ecology 61, 507-517.
Smitha SL, Correya NS, Philip R. 2014. Marine fungi as a potential source of enzymes and antibiotics. Int. J. Res. Mar. Sci 3(1), 5-10.
Svahn KS, Goransson U, El-Seedi H, Bohlin L, Larsson DGJ, Olsen B, Chryssanthou E. 2012. Antimicrobial activity of filamentous fungi isolated from highly antibiotic contaminated river sediment. Ecology and Epidemiology 2, 11591-11596.
Swathi J, Narendra K, Sowjanya KM, Krishna Satya A. 2013. Marine fungal metabolites as a rich source of bioactive compounds. Glob. J. Environ. Biochem 1(1), 014-026.
Takaya N. 2002. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction metabolisms and their control in fungi. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 94, 506-510.
Vrijmoed LLP. 2000. Isolation and culture of higher filamentous fungi, In: Hyde KD, Pointing SM, Eds. Marine mycology – a practical approach, Fungal Diversity Research, Hong Kong, 1-20.
Zhou Z, Takaya N, Nakamura A, Yamaguchi M, Takeo K, Shoun H. 2002. Ammonia fermentation, a novel anoxic metabolism of nitrate by fungi. Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, 1892-1896.
C. N. Ariole, N. Ofuase (2016), Anaerobic denitrification and biotechnological potentials of filamentous fungi isolated from coastal marine sediment; IJMM, V4, N3, October, P8-15
https://innspub.net/anaerobic-denitrification-and-biotechnological-potentials-of-filamentous-fungi-isolated-from-coastal-marine-sediment/
Copyright © 2016
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0