A comparative identification and species characteristics of aquatic macrophytes for dry and rainy seasons of the floodplains of river Benue at Makurdi
Paper Details
A comparative identification and species characteristics of aquatic macrophytes for dry and rainy seasons of the floodplains of river Benue at Makurdi
Abstract
An survey experiment was conducted during the dry (March- April) and the rainy seasons (June-August) of 2013 in the floodplains of River Benue in the streams, ponds, main drainage channels and marshy areas within Makurdi metropolis to determine the prominent aquatic macrophytes infesting these areas, their distribution and species characteristics in nine (9) locations. Macrophyte survey was carried out based on a combination of transects (WISER, 2011). In each transect all species and ecological groups (emergent and floating-leaved plants) were recorded. A total of 31 aquatic macrophytes were identified. Of all the macrophyte species identified, those belonging to the families Cyperaceae Onagraceae, Poaceae and Pontederiaceae respectively were the dominant group found and most distributed in the sample locations, however, Water hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes), was observed to be the single most distributed macrophyte specie. The dry season recorded significantly higher (p<0.05) number of macrophytes in all the locations compared to the rainy season. River Benue recorded significantly higher (p<0.05) number of macrophyte species both in the dry and rainy seasons. At Makurdi Industrial Layout, even though Eicchornia crassipes recorded a comparatively less MA (4), the FO (100%) and DI (100%) was observed to be the same as in Adubu and New Bridge Abattoir while the RF was 57.1%. The Simpson’s divertsity index (SDI) results indicated the following order: River Benue 0.92% > Berbesa 0.86% > Tyumugh 0.84% > University Agriculture Annex, Katsina-ala street 0.81% > Adubu 0.79% > Benue Bottling Company (BBL) 0.77%.
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