In vitro antibacterial screening of bamboo leaves extract against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Paper Details
In vitro antibacterial screening of bamboo leaves extract against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Abstract
The study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity of bamboo (Bambusa spp.) leaf extract against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the disc diffusion method. Conducted at the Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory in Tuguegarao City from July 19 to August 15, 2024, the experiment utilized a Complete Randomized Design with two treatments: Treatment 1 (bamboo leaf extract) and Treatment 2 (commercial antibiotic control). The antibacterial efficacy was measured based on the diameter of the zone of inhibition (ZOI) in millimeters. Results revealed that the bamboo leaf extract exhibited minimal inhibition against E. coli with a mean ZOI of 1.00 mm compared to 3.00 mm from the commercial antibiotic, indicating poor effectiveness. However, the extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, with mean ZOIs of 3.00 mm and 3.33 mm, respectively, as compared to 5.17 mm from the commercial control. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in inhibition zones for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa but not for E. coli. These findings indicate that bamboo leaf extract possesses partial antibacterial potential against Gram-positive and certain Gram-negative bacteria, suggesting that it may serve as a potential alternative or supplementary natural antimicrobial agent, particularly for infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further in vitro and in vivo studies using other bamboo plant parts and extraction methods are recommended to confirm its antibacterial efficacy and broaden its potential medicinal applications.
Bailey WR, Scott EG. 2002. Diagnostic microbiology. 12th edition. Mosby Company, St. Louis, USA.
Calagui AG. 2005. Principles of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry. Manila, Philippines.
Chatwal GR, Anand SK. 2002. Instrumental methods of analysis. 5th edition, Volume 2. Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi, India.
Choudhury RN, Nayer SL, Chopra IC. 2011. Glossary of Indian medicinal plants. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India.
Dr. Nandkarani’s Kumar. 2003. Indian materia medica. Volume 1. Popular Prakashan Private Limited, Mumbai, India, p. 723.
Huang Y, Wang Y, Kitts DD. 2000. Evaluation of antioxidant and prooxidant activities of bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis) leaf extract in vitro. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48, 3170–3176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf991315m
Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. 1975. Indian medicinal plants. Edited by Blatter E, Cains JF, Mhaskar KS. Vivek Vihar Publications, New Delhi, India, p. 536.
Ladion JH, Ferraro MJ. 2009. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: A review of general principles and contemporary practices. Clinical Infectious Diseases 49(11), 1749–1755.http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/647952
Marquez UML, Barros RMC, Sinnecker P. 2005. Antioxidant activity of chlorophylls and their derivatives. Food Research International 38(8–9), 885–891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2005.02.012
Mowbray S. 1957. The antibacterial activity of chlorophyll. British Medical Journal 2(5037), 268–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.5037.268
Ping LL, Rong ZS, Ying DD. 2000. Technological study on making sodium copper chlorophyllin from bamboo leaves. Journal of Chongqing University (Natural Science Edition) 23, 109–112.
Todar K. 2005. Todar’s online textbook of bacteriology. University of Wisconsin–Madison, USA.
Tripathi YC, Khawlhring L, Vasu NK. 2015. Traditional and contemporary medicinal applications of bamboos. In: Nath S, Singh S, Sinha A, Das R, Krishnamurthy R (Eds.), Proceedings of the Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi, India, 224–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/2.1.2553.1209
Van den Broek T, Feenstra L, de Baat A-L. 2007. A review of the current literature on aetiology and measurement methods of halitosis. Journal of Dentistry 35(8), 627–635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2007.04.009
Wang J, Yue YD, Jiang H, Tang F. 2012. Rapid screening of flavone C-glycosides in the leaves of different species of bamboo and simultaneous quantitation of four marker compounds by HPLC-UV/DAD. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012, 20511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/20511
Yaegaki K, Sanada K. 1992. Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from clinically healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease. Journal of Periodontal Research 27(3), 233–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01679
Jhaysel G. Rumbaoa, 2025. In vitro antibacterial screening of bamboo leaves extract against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int. J. Biosci., 27(5), 1-5.
Copyright © 2025 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.