Phytoremediation of nickel from the effluents of selected ghee industries of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/03/2015
Views (621)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Phytoremediation of nickel from the effluents of selected ghee industries of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Muhammad Saleem Khan, Muhammad Anwar Sajad, Wisal Muhammad Khan, Sajjad Ali, Hazrat Ali, Abdul Naeem
J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 6(3), 174-182, March 2015.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2015; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

Nickel is a known haemotoxic, hepatotoxic, pulmonary toxic, genotoxic, nephrotoxic, reproductive toxic, immunotoxic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic agent. To convert vegetable edible oil into ghee, nickel is used as a catalyst in hydrogenation process. The effluents flowing out from ghee industries contain nickel which contaminate environment. In the present study the effluent water, drains sediment and the plants which were growing along the drains carrying effluents of five ghee industries were analyzed. The concentration of Ni in mg/L in the ghee industries was in the order: Utman Ghee Industry, Gadoon, KPK (0.656) >Gulab Banaspathi, Jamroad Road, Peshawar (0.435) >Saqib Banaspathi, Jamroad Road, Peshawar (0.263) >TajPlus Ghee Industry, Skhakot, KPK (0.249) >Sher Banaspathi, Dargai, KPK (0.047). The highest concentration of nickel was present in the effluent water of Utman Ghee Industry, Gadoon, KPK. The concentration of Ni (mg/kg) in the drains carrying effluents of each industry was in the order: Taj Plus Ghee Industry, Skhakot, KPK (179.06) >Gulab Banaspathi, Jamroad Road, Peshawar (176.93) >Saqib Banaspathi, Jamroad Road, Peshawar (78.89) >Sher Banaspathi, Dargai, KPK (56.62) >Utman Ghee Industry, Gadoon, KPK (24. 38). The phytoextraction capacity of seventeen plants was studied which were growing along the drains carrying effluents of these industries. The calculation of bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) of the plants showed that six plants ((Rumex nepalensis, Pimpinella saxifrage, Cyperus rotundus, Conyza Canadensis, Rumex hastatus and Saccharum spontaneum) among these studied plants have feasibility for the phytoextraction of Ni metal.

Adesodun JK, Atayese MO, Agbaje TA, Osadiaye BA, Mafe OF, Soretire AA. 2010. Phytoremediation potentials of sunflowers (Tithonia diversifolia and Helianthus annuus) for metals in soils contaminated with zinc and lead nitrates. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 207, 195-201. doi: 10.1007/s11270-009-0128-3

Awofolu OR. 2005. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Contaminants and the Soil Environment in the Australia Pacific Region. Kluwer Academic Publishers, London. : 361.

Cempel M, Nikel G. 2006. Nickel: A Review of Its Sources and Environmental Toxicology Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15, 375.

Cunningham SD, Shann JR, Crowley D, Anderson TA. 1997. Phytoremediation of Soil and Water Contaminants. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. (1997).

Denkhaus E, Salnikow K. 2002.Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology.,42, 35.

Environmental. Science and Technology, 41, 168.

Jamil S, Abhilash PC, Singh N, Sharma PN. 2009. Matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction versus solid-phase extraction in the analysis of combined residues of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers in plant matrices. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172, 269.

Rulkens WH, Tichy R, Grotenhuis JTC. 1998. Green  Chemistry  for  Environmental  Sustainability. Water Science & Technology, 37, 27.

Sheoran V, Sheoran AS, Poonia P. 2001. Phytoremediation efficiency of pondweed (Potamogeton crispus) in removing heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, As and Cd) from water of Anzali wetland

Smialowicz RJ, Rogers RR, Riddle MM, Stott GA. 1984. Elements and their Compounds in the Environment. Environmental Research., 33, 413.

Tariq M, Ali M, Shah Z. 2006. Water and Sustainable Agriculture. Soil and Environment, 25, 64.

United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1980. Ambient water quality criteria for nickel. EPA Report 440/5-80.

Verma PS, Agarwal VK. 2005. Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution and Ecology. S. Chand and company Ltd, New Delhi.

World Health Organization (WHO). 1991. Environmental Health Criteria. 108, 383.

Yoon J, Cao X, Zhou Q. 2006. Dates: Production, Processing,  Food,  and  Medicinal  Values.Science  of the Total Environment, 368, 456.

Zhuang QW, Yang HB. 2007. Recent Advances in Plant Biotechnology. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 184, 235.

Related Articles

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer and Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer

P. Maheswari, P. Madhanraj, V. Ambikapathy, P. Prakash, A. Panneerselvam, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 90-96, August 2025.

Mangrove abundance, diversity, and productivity in effluent-rich estuarine portion of Butuanon River, Mandaue City, Cebu

John Michael B. Genterolizo, Miguelito A. Ruelan, Laarlyn N. Abalos, Kathleen Kay M. Buendia, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 77-89, August 2025.

Cytogenetic and pathological investigations in maize × teosinte hybrids: Chromosome behaviour, spore identification, and inheritance of maydis leaf blight resistance

Krishan Pal, Ravi Kishan Soni, Devraj, Rohit Kumar Tiwari, Ram Avtar, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 70-76, August 2025.

Conservation and trade dynamics of non-timber forest products in local markets in south western Cameroon

Kato Samuel Namuene, Mojoko Fiona Mbella, Godswill Ntsomboh-Ntsefong, Eunice Waki, Hudjicarel Kiekeh, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 58-69, August 2025.

Overemphasis on blue carbon leads to biodiversity loss: A case study on subsidence coastal wetlands in southwest Taiwan

Yih-Tsong Ueng, Feng-Jiau Lin, Ya-Wen Hsiao, Perng-Sheng Chen, Hsiao-Yun Chang, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 46-57, August 2025.

An assessment of the current scenario of biodiversity in Ghana in the context of climate change

Patrick Aaniamenga Bowan, Francis Tuuli Gamuo Junior, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 35-45, August 2025.

Entomofaunal diversity in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cultivation systems within the cotton-growing zone of central Benin

Lionel Zadji, Roland Bocco, Mohamed Yaya, Abdou-Abou-Bakari Lassissi, Raphael Okounou Toko, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 21-34, August 2025.

Biogenic fabrication of biochar-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles using Miscanthus sinensis for oxytetracycline removal and toxicological assessment

Meenakshi Sundaram Sharmila, Gurusamy, Annadurai, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 27(2), 10-20, August 2025.