Weed flora survey of Tabriz wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields
Paper Details
Weed flora survey of Tabriz wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields
Abstract
In order to recognize, identify and determine the relative dominance of weed species distributed in wheat fields of Tabriz county-Iran, a total 118 weed species belonging to 24 plant family were observed. Ermopyrum bonaepartis (Spreng.) Nevski, Acroptilon repens (L.) DC., Cardria Draba (L.) Desv., Chenopodium album L., Polygonum aviculare L., and Convolvulus arvensis L. with relative dominance (RD) index equal 30, 20.2, 19.1, 18.1, 17.5, and 17.5 respectively were dominant weed species. Poaceae, Brassicaceae and Asteraceae with Family Dominance Index (FDI) equal 63.08, 45.54, and 45.46 were dominant plant families observed in wheat fields. A. repens (L.) DC., C. Draba (L.) Desv., C. album L., P. aviculare L., and C. arvensis L. with frequency level 82.2, 75.6, 62.2, 64.4 and 64.4 respectively were the main disturbing weeds prior to harvesting wheat in Tabriz county. Eighty-nine percent of weeds were below average, because they founded below thirty percent of wheat fields. However, nearly four percent of weeds were assertive and distributed in more than sixty percent of wheat fields. So, the revised management procedure about these weeds in different districts of this county is very important.
Abusteit EO, El-Raouf MSA, SHaban SA, El-Khanagry SS, Maillet J. 1998. Cumulative average of weed presence in wheat innorthern Egypt. Comptes rendus 6th symposium Mediterraneen EWRS, Montpellier, France, 13-15.
Andreasen C, Skovgard IM. 2009. Crop and soil factors of importance for the distribution of plant species on arable fields in Denmark. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 133, 61-67.
Andreasen C, Stryhn H. 2008. Increasing weed flora in Danish arable fields and its importance for biodiversity. Weed Research 48, 1 – 9.
Conn JS, Werdin-Pfisterer NR, Beattie KL. 2011. Development of the Alaska agricultural weed flora 1981-2004: a case for prevention. Weed Research 51, 63 – 70.
Davis PH. 1965-85. Flora of Turkey. Edinburgh at the University of Press. V: 1-10.
Frick B, Thomas AG. 1992. Weed survey in different tillage systems in Southeastern Ontario field crops. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, 1337-1347.
Fried G, Norton LR, Rebound X. 2008. Environmental and management factors determining weed species composition and diversity in France. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 128, 68 – 76.
Gomaa NH. 2012. Composition and diversity of weed communities in Al-Jouf province, northern Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 19, 369 – 376.
Hassannejad S, Porheidar-Ghafarbi S. 2013. Distribution of dominant weed species in winter wheat at Tabriz county. International Journal of Biosciences. 3(4), 8-16.
Hassannejad S, Porheidar-Ghafarbi S. 2012. Introducing new indices for weed flora studies. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 4(22), 1653-1659.
Hassannejad S. 2011. Weed flora identification and weed mapping in wheat, barley, and alfalfa fields of East Azerbaijan by Geographical Information System (GIS). Ph. D. Theses. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran-Iran. PP: 293.
Hyvonen T, Ketoja E, Salonen J, Jalli H, Tiainen J. 2003. Weed species diversity and community composition in organic and conventional cropping of spring cereals. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 97, 131–149.
Khalaghani J. 2007. Weed loss assessment in wheat fields. Final report. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection. pp: 47.
McCully KV, Sampson MG, Watson AK. 1991. Weed survey of Nova Scotia, Lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifoliumm) fields. Weed Science 39, 180-185.
Memon RA. 2004. Weed flora composition of wheat and cotton crops in district Khairpus, Sindh. A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of doctor of philosophy in botany. Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh. P. 256
Milanova S, Dimitrova T, Valkova M, Tachkov J, Atanasova L, Llieva L, Christov C. 2009. Weed infestation of winter wheat in Pleven region, Bulgria. Herbologia 10, 1 – 11.
Minbashi M, Baghestanii MA, Rahimian H. 2008. Introducing abundance index for assessing weed flora in survey studies. Weed Biology and Management 8, 172 – 180.
Nazer Kakhki SH, Minbash MM, Hassannejad S, Jafary H, Aleefard M. 2013. Weed population indices in irrigated wheat fields of Zanjan province of Iran. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 19 (2), 123- 156.
Novak R, Dancza I, Szentey L, Karaman J, Beres I, Kazinczi G and Golya G. 2010. Arable weeds of Hungary. The fifth national weed survey (2007-2008). Proceedings of the 15 thEWRS Symposium, Kaposvar, Hungary. p. 8 – 9.
Potts GR, Ewald JA, Aebischer NJ. 2010. Long – term changes in the flora of the cereal ecosystem on the Sussex Downs, England, focusing on the years 1968-2005. Journal of Applied Ecology 47, 215 – 226.
Radosvich SR, Holt JS. 1984. Weed Ecology: Implications for vegetation management. Johnwiley and Son. New York.
Rechinger KH. 1963-2007. Flora Iranica. Akademische Durck-U. Verlagsanstalt Graz-Austria. V: 1-178.
Salonen J, Hyvonen T, Jalli H. 2001. Weed flora in organically grown spring cereals in Finaland. Agricultural and Food Science in Finland, 10 (3): 231- 242.
Schwezel PJ, Thomas PEL. 1971. Weed competition in Cotton PANS. 17 (1), 30-34.
Sinzar B. 1996. Winter wheat weed community in the Kosmaj region. Zastita Bilja, 47 (4), 313- 321.
Tastan B, Ercis A. 1994. Research on the distribution and density of weeds in wheat fields in cereal Anatolia. Bitki Koruma Bulteni, 31 (1-4), 39-60.
Sirous Hassannejad, Soheila Porheidar Ghafarbi (2013), Weed flora survey of Tabriz wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields; JBES, V3, N9, September, P118-132
https://innspub.net/weed-flora-survey-of-tabriz-wheat-triticum-aestivum-l-fields/
Copyright © 2013
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0