Influence of biochar and chitosan on productivity of tomato under water-stress conditions
Paper Details
Influence of biochar and chitosan on productivity of tomato under water-stress conditions
Abstract
Adding biochar to the soil as an amendment might help it retain more water, which could increase crop yields. The experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during January to April 2022 to determine the effects of chitosan and biochar on tomato plants under water stress in terms of productivity. In this experiment, three water regimes (i) at 80% of field capacity (FC), ii) at 60% of FC, and iii) at 40% of FC were used as treatments. Additionally, three drought mitigating agents were used: i) chitosan (200 µL L−1 ha−1), ii) rice husk biochar (20 t/ha), and iii) biochar + chitosan. Biochar was used to transplant 25-day-old, uniform, healthy seedlings into plastic pots. Drought was imposed ten days after transplantation, lasting till flowering. Chitosan was applied using a hand sprayer ten days after implantation. The findings revealed that water stress significantly reduced tomato morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties while increasing pH. However, the effects of water stress on tomato plants were greatly mitigated by the use of biochar and chitosan. The number of leaves, chlorophyll content, days needed from transplanting to the first flowering, fruits per plant, weight of each individual fruit, yield per plant, pH, and titratable acidity content all significantly improved with the application of biochar and chitosan. Consequently, in terms of growth, yield, and biochemical parameters, the combination effect of chitosan and biochar appeared more effective.
Abdalla MM. 2011. Beneficial effects of diatomite on the growth, the biochemical contents and polymorphic DNA in Lupinus albus plants grown under water stress. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America 2(2), 207-220.
Abiven S, Hund A, Martinsen V, Cornelissen G. 2015. Biochar amendment increases maize root surface areas and branching: a shovelomics study in Zambia. Plant and soil 395, 45-55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2533-2
Ahmed KBM, Khan MMA, Siddiqui H, Jahan A. 2020. Chitosan and its oligosaccharides, a promising option for sustainable crop production-a review. Carbohydrate polymers 227, 115331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115331
Bangar P, Chaudhury A, Tiwari B, Kumar S, Kumari R, Bhat KV. 2019. Morphophysiological and biochemical response of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] varieties at different developmental stages under drought stress. Turkish Journal of Biology 43(1), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-1801-64
Basit A, Hassnain MA, Ullah I, Shah ST, Zuhair S A, Ullah I. 2020. Quality indices of tomato plant as affected by water stress conditions and chitosan application. Pure and Applied Biology (PAB) 9(2), 1364-1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2020.90143
Bautista-Baños S, Hernandez-Lauzardo AN, Velazquez-Del Valle MG, Hernández-López M, Barka EA, Bosquez-Molina E, Wilson CL. 2006. Chitosan as a potential natural compound to control pre and postharvest diseases of horticultural commodities. Crop protection 25(2), 108-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2005.03.010
Bonanomi G, Ippolito F, Cesarano G, Nanni B, Lombardi N, Rita A, Scala F. 2017. Biochar as plant growth promoter: better off alone or mixed with organic amendments? Frontiers in Plant Science 8, 1570. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01570
Gharezi M, Joshi N, Sadeghian E. 2012. Effect of postharvest treatment on stored cherry tomatoes. Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences 2(8), 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9600.1000157
Gol NB, Rao TVR. (2011). Effect of chitosan coating on physio-chemical propeeties and shelf life extension of tomato. International Journal of Fruit Science 11(2), 119-135.
Hadwiger LA. 2013. Multiple effects of chitosan on plant systems: Solid science or hype. Plant Science 208, 42-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.03.007
Hassnain M, Alam I, Ahmad A, Basit I, Ullah N, Alam I, Ain N. 2020. Efficacy of chitosan on performance of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plant under water stress condition. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 33(1), 27-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2020/33.1.27.41
Langeroodi ARS, Campiglia E, Mancinelli R, Radicetti E. 2019. Can biochar improve pumpkin productivity and its physiological characteristics under reduced irrigation regimes? Scientia Horticulturae 247, 195-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.11.059
Liu X, Zhang A, Ji C, Joseph S, Bian R, Li L, Paz-Ferreiro J. 2013. Biochar’s effect on crop productivity and the dependence on experimental conditions—a meta-analysis of literature data. Plant Soil 373, 583-594. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-013-1806-x
Mahmood N, Abbasi NA, Hafiz IA, Ali I, Zakia S. (2017). Effect of biostimulants on growth, yield and quality of bell pepper cv. yolo wonder. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 54(2), 311-317. DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/17.5653
Mannan MA, Shashi MA. 2019. Amelioration of drought tolerance in maize using rice husk biochar. In Maize-Production and Use (pp. 1-19). IntechOpen. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88824
Mondal MM, Malek MA, Puteh AB, Ismail MR, Ashrafuzzaman M, Naher L. 2012. Effect of foliar application of chitosan on growth and yield in okra. Australian Journal of Crop Science 6(5), 918-921.
Moolphuerk N, Lawson T, Pattanagul W. 2022. Chitosan mitigates the adverse effects and improves photosynthetic activity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings under drought condition. Journal of Crop Improvement 36(5), 638-655. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2021.2000544
Mukta J.A, Rahman M, Sabir AA, Gupta DR, Surovy MZ, Rahman M, Islam MT. 2017. Chitosan and plant probiotics application enhance growth and yield of strawberry. Biocatalysis & agricultural biotechnology 11, 9-18.
Naeem MA, Khalid M, Aon M, Abbas G, Tahir M, Amjad M, Akhtar SS. 2017. Effect of wheat and rice straw biochar produced at different temperatures on maize growth and nutrient dynamics of a calcareous soil. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 63(14), 2048-2061.
Olmo M, Alburquerque JA, Barrón V, Del Campillo MC, Gallardo A, Fuentes, M. Villar R. 2014. Wheat growth and yield responses to biochar addition under Mediterranean climate conditions. Biology & Fertility of Soils 50, 1177-1187.
Petruccelli R, Bonetti A, Traversi ML, Faraloni C, Valagussa M, Pozzi A. 2015. Influence of biochar application on nutritional quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Crop & Pasture Science 66(7), 747-755.
Rouphael Y, Cardarelli M, Colla G, Rea E. 2008. Yield, mineral composition, water relations, and water use efficiency of grafted mini-watermelon plants under deficit irrigation. Hort Science 43(3), 730-736.
Shahein MM, Abuarab ME, Hassan AM. 2012. Effects of regulated deficit irrigation and phosphorus fertilizers on water use efficiency, yield and total soluble solids of tomato. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences 12(10), 1295-1304.
Sultana S, Islam M, Khatun MA, Hassain MA, Huque R. 2017. Effect of foliar application of oligo-chitosan on growth, yield and quality of tomato and eggplant. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research 11(2), 36-42.
Xu Q, Ma X, Lv T, Bai M, Wang Z, Niu J. 2020. Effects of water stress on fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characteristics of drip irrigation in rice. Water 12(1), 289.
Yin YG, Kobayashi Y, Sanuki A, Kondo S, Fukuda N, Ezura H, Matsukura C. 2010. Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. ‘Micro-Tom’) fruits in an ABA-and osmotic stress-independent manner. Journal of experimental botany 61(2), 563-574.
Zhang C, Huang Z. 2013. Effects of endogenous abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, polyamines, and polyamine oxidase activity in tomato seedlings under drought stress. Scientia Horticulturae 159, 172-177.
Amrul Kayes, Nazrul Islam, Shormin Choudhury, 2024. Influence of biochar and chitosan on productivity of tomato under water-stress conditions. Int. J. Biosci., 25(4), 246-253.
Copyright © 2024 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.