Phytochemical profiling, quantitative estimation, bioactivity studies and GC-MS analysis of fruit methanolic extract of Kamettia caryophyllata (Roxb.) Nicolson & Suresh
Paper Details
Phytochemical profiling, quantitative estimation, bioactivity studies and GC-MS analysis of fruit methanolic extract of Kamettia caryophyllata (Roxb.) Nicolson & Suresh
Abstract
Kamettia caryophyllata (Roxb.) Nicolson & Suresh, an endemic climber, has been traditionally used in various medicinal preparations, yet its phytochemical and pharmacological properties remain insufficiently explored. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and biological activities of the methanolic fruit extract of K. caryophyllata. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out to identify major secondary metabolites. Quantitative estimation of phenolics and flavonoids was performed using standard spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH radical-scavenging and phosphomolybdenum assays, and anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using nitric oxide scavenging and trypsin inhibition assays. GC–MS analysis was performed to identify specific bioactive compounds. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and carbohydrates. Quantitative analysis showed high phenolic (169.69 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (78.62 mg QE/g extract) contents. The extract showed strong antioxidant activity, with EC₅₀ values of 5.20 µg/ml (DPPH) and 7.80 µg/ml (phosphomolybdenum), comparable to those of the standard ascorbic acid. Moderate anti-inflammatory activity was observed with an IC₅₀ value of 170.01 µg/ml in the nitric oxide scavenging assay and 65.75% inhibition in the trypsin inhibition assay. GC–MS analysis identified several bioactive compounds, including trans phytol, methyl palmitate, methyl linoleate, oleic acid, clionasterol, lupenone, and betulol. The results suggest that K. caryophyllata fruits are rich in bioactive phytochemicals and possess significant antioxidant and moderate anti-inflammatory activities, indicating their potential as a natural source of therapeutic agents.
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P. G. Jiji*, E. A. Mariya, Prasobh K. Mohan, K. Aswathy Surendran, E. P. M. Sruthy, Kavya K. Sasikumar, Anas Bin Firoz, 2026. Phytochemical profiling, quantitative estimation, bioactivity studies and GC-MS analysis of fruit methanolic extract of Kamettia caryophyllata (Roxb.) Nicolson & Suresh. Int. J. Biosci., 28(4), 187-198.
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